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The Annihilation Fountain Issue 07
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THE ANNIHILATION FOUNTAIN
A JOURNAL OF CULTURE ON THE EDGE...
TEXT ONLY - ISSUE #7
The Annihilation Fountain & TAF Copyright c 1997-99 Neil MacKay
ISSN 1480-9206
http://www.capnasty.org/taf/
the_annihilation_fountain@iname.com
CONTENTS:
---------
*SUGAR
*3 SHORT STORIES
*THE ELKHORN MANIFESTO - SHADOW OF THE SWASTIKA
*MARIJUANA AND HEMP - THE UNTOLD STORY
*CONTRIBUTORS TO THIS ISSUE
************************************************************************
SUGAR - A SERIALIZED PLAY
by BEN OMART
************************************************************************
Sugar by Ben Ohmart
(Through the darkness wails .38 Special or Rush, something
hard driving yet slightly out of date. This description would
also fit NGUGI, a quasi-flashy photographer, who now and
then pops himself into focus on the stage, taking pix of glorious
and unknown-glamorous MODELS who fret and mark up
the mini-stage with their attitudes. They aren't dressed in much;
much less than bikinis, but nobody minds. Lights come up
instantly. We see that NGUGI is a 6 footer, and he can be
tooough when he has to be)
NGUGI. (Still behind the camera, about lights) Thank God. (He continues
to work, shouting commands, praises and dog whistles at the 3 bone and
make-up composites) Monar. Look like that bus done passed. Good. Okay.
Great. Yeah.
Julie. If you're going to hold your breasts, look like they're having
fun in your hands, right, vixen? Oh! I love it. Give me more. Come on.
More! I'm glad I'm wearing underwear. Come on! Yeah. Okay. Kia, girl,
get down on the floor, pretend you're looking for that bone. Fluff the
hair, yeah, remember, you wake up hungry, you go to bed hungry, you eat
and you're hungry.
KIA. Push the stupid button down.
NGUGI. Attitude! I love it! - Julie. A little more...... yeah. You
gotta remember, you're hiding your art. Can't have too much..... Oh, I
love this. Flash! Ah-ah. - Monar, give me, give me, pretend I'm the last
drug store open. One size fits all, come on. Oh! Come on.
Julie. I gotta get home in twenty minutes.
NGUGI. In twenty minutes - (Loud pounding at door, then it stops) In
twenty minutes, that underwear's going to be famous. You've got butt
like sunshine, and it's goin' down. Down. Okay, lower. (Pounding) Lower.
Lick the floor.
Julie. We're selling underwear here, NGUGI.
NGUGI. We gotta keep the place clean. Huh? (Door is broken in. Enter a
Go Large FRANK. Pause. NGUGI takes his picture)
KIA. I want my picture, I go to the post office.
NGUGI. And when you want a gun?
FRANK. (Steps up menacing) Don't Need a gun.
NGUGI. You don't need a gun.
FRANK. You got my woman, she -
KIA. (Upset and dressing) Frank!
NGUGI. You must be FRANK. (Sticks out ignored hand)
KIA. WHAT are you doing here?
FRANK. Come on! You said you were working!
KIA. I'm working!
FRANK. You said you were working, you didn't say you were working It!
KIA. You're so -!
NGUGI. Um.... haha, excuse me, Frank? We've got a photo shoot to do
here, before my lights go out again, and the ad man says -
FRANK. I don't give a butt stench what the ad man says, (Pushes on
NGUGI's chest) you don't treat my woman like that unless you're
prepared to have a slice. Am I right?
NGUGI. (Backing up, pushing continues) You couldn't be wronger. I am
often -
FRANK. I don't like it when people contraDict me, or interrupt me.
NGUGI. I'm sorry, next time I'll wait until you're talking.
FRANK. (Grabs him) You're a wise ass, right? You know what I do with
wise asses that treat my Kia like an object and a sexual desire and
getting off on -
KIA. (Tries to pull him away) Frank!
FRANK. - exploiting something just because it's white, it shaves, and
it'll stand for you like you Ask it when you flash that money?
NGUGI. (Laughs) I'm sorry that was such a long question, I forgot how
it star-
(FRANK grunts and prepares to hit NGUGI, but NGUGI assumes
the defensive quickly. Little fist grinds big bone. He obviously knows
what he's doing, and loves to kick ass when the ass wants it. FRANK
sheds blood, lip cut with NGUGI's high school ring. Makes him mad)
What? I thought we were gonna fuck each other, I don't have my pants
down yet. (FRANK screams and lunges for him. NGUGI stands there, then
flips an elbow up and gets another fist into his jaw. FRANK is on
his knees, but mean..)
Oooo..
(Digs a few bits of teeth out of his elbow)
FRANK. Gonna FUCK you, man...
NGUGI. You're really dick brained.
(FRANK lunges again, still on his knees. NGUGI is too quick, but
so is FRANK at the moment. He takes NGUGI by the neck from
behind. NGUGI struggles, then grabs out for his camera, closes his
eyes, and uses the flash. FRANK is dazed and only loosens his grip
vaguely. It's all NGUGI needs to grab some hair and hit, hit, hit,
POW, until the man is down, and there's hair in the hero's hand. But
FRANK makes a last try, grabs NGUGI's legs, but the photographer
turns around in the loose grip so that he's face to face with FRANK)
Buy some pussy, butt plug.
(Knees FRANK in the jaw, and there is a Bad crunch. FRANK is
down. There is ooze coming out of that mouth, bits of bone and
chips of teeth. He convulses a little, and lays still. NGUGI checks
his camera, as FRANK spits up so he doesn't choke on any fluid. He
is down and groaning. NGUGI quickly has inspiration and turns to
catch the startled looks of the half-naked nymphs standing around)
Oh yeah....................... Oh, yes............... Oh, yeah.....
This is..... Oh, yeah... Hold it. (KIA starts over to pick up FRANK)
No! Come here! (She obeys, but only for a minute)
KIA. (Putting on the rest of her clothes) Forget it. I'm outa here.
You're mean. I've got a record, you know.
NGUGI. (Regretful for the way things are turning out) I'm sorry to hear
that.
KIA. I Mean I don't have to do this, I've done an Elle, European.
Playboy did a black and white of me in Italy one -
NGUGI. Yeah, yeah. (Mood's broken. To the other two) Take ten. (Comes
over, kicks FRANK to get up. FRANK does with KIA's help) Fuck! - Never
again!(Lights down here, and up on The Rothmore Agency, a near-the-top
ad agency, run by one of the sexiest brunettes made this century.
NGUGI paces once and explains as RILAL, a touch Asian, but hot white
listens and tests her silky stockings. She's either doing this
to stop his sentences sometimes - NGUGI can't ever pass up a hot
side dish - or because she's naturally sexy. Let's guess both)
Do you realize that I gotta go to Court because of that jerkoff now?
Paying the woman money, and I got to put on a suit and go into hundreds
of dollars in lost light bulbs a day? For a lawyer! - Jealous
boyfriends and meat hooks for brothers that think their sisters are the
Catholic kind! Lesbians start to get involved with each other and turn
off the twat shots, because they say raunch is private? What are you
sending me! That's the 4th boyfriend I've had this week that -
RILAL. Congratulations.
NGUGI. You're not getting around this one. Maybe if you'd set me up
with dog food ads and stinking babies I could treat my women and my
work separately. How about that?
RILAL. (Leaning cleavage forward) And what about me, Ngugi? You haven't
treated me yet.
NGUGI. (Melts a little) Baby, you're the end. I wouldn't know where to
start.
RILAL. (Half a laugh) I like that.
NGUGI. Do you?
RILAL. Uh-huh.
NGUGI. Do you really? (RILAL nods) Then you'll go wet before your time
on this one, RILAL. I'm through with blondes, redheads, brunettes, all
the punk rock colors and that woman on the first Star Trek movie! -
Give me something I can use!
RILAL. (Pause. Comes around desk and hangs on him like a rubber band on
a doorknob. They kiss) You don't pay me any money.
NGUGI. Oh great. (Gets up)
RILAL. I used to be one of the town's top models, NGUGI.
NGUGI. That's another thing - Ngugi! I changed my name and I sound like
a good Scrabble score. I don't want -
RILAL. (Continuing) I never told you what I was making a week. I didn't
want to put you through that. But I could buy you and sell you like an
Eastern slave. I went into This because it's nice not staring into the
lights. And I don't like dog food and I wouldn't have a baby if you
filled it with diamonds and Andres thin mints. (NGUGI takes a mint from
a dish on the desk and sulks, as..) I do this because you helped me out.
NGUGI. (Blows off steam) And I appreciate it.
RILAL. Then have dinner with me tonight. Have me tonight.
NGUGI. (Smiles) I think you skipped a word or two. (RILAL comes close,
he backs up) Maybe that's why I'm a photographer. I just like to look,
thanks.
RILAL. (She knows what's wrong, but won't say, just comes to desk, gets
slip of paper) Go to this address. She's a single mother and -
NGUGI. Rilal, darling, (Gets camera case) if she's a mother, she's
never single.
(He goes, leaving a hungry executive and her desk to fade out.
Noise of a busy private investigator's office. The phone actually
rings here. Lights up on NGUGI standing there Watching the
phone ring and marveling at it. The SECRETARY picks up
the phone, notices NGUGI, and puts it down again. She
stands, busty and thirsty)
SECRETARY. Dennis, I haven't seen -
NGUGI. I keep telling you that my name is legally changed. What did you
do with all those business cards I gave you?
SECRETARY. (Nudges three out of her bazooms) I stop people on the
street and give them out.
NGUGI. I bet they're disappointed when they read 'em.
(Opens the closed door and finds TRACEY, a solid, likable,
clear-witted p.i., engaged in a loud conversation with RALPH,
an aging businessman, one of the original yuppies before Geritol
caplets set in)
TRACEY. You wanna cool off a minute?
RALPH. I'll cool down cold when you give me something I can use!
(Throws papers at TRACEY's desk)
TRACEY. I guess you can't use the truth, huh?
RALPH. Huh. I don't even think you're looking. What, 200 a day gets you
sitting on your ass. Man, I worked like a dog licking asses and Pissing
on myself before I got a break in the business.
NGUGI. You're a sweet man.
RALPH. (To TRACEY, yelling More) Can't you conduct a simple, civil
meeting in private? I'm beginning to wonder if you're worth uptown
prices downtown! (Leaves in a huff)
NGUGI. What's Al Gore's problem?
TRACEY. (Picking up the papers) Ralph here runs a club that twirls the
hottest asses at the lowest prices, and Jenny 1-String reaches for his
hard.
NGUGI. I know the feeling.
TRACEY. Idiot to get mixed up with his girls. He doesn't believe she's
not carrying on with another asshole.
NGUGI. There's confidence for ya.
TRACEY. (Throws him a folder) Subsidy time, my friend. (Starts to get
coat)
NGUGI. (Looking at folder) You called me over for This?
TRACEY. Hey, Ralph can't pay All my big city bills, whatever the hell
your name is.
NGUGI. Remind me to laugh with feeling.
TRACEY. I suppose you got enough cash in the bank to ignore murder when
it happens.
NGUGI. I was just discussing my ATM this morning. Rilal thinks my face
is too perfect. She keeps sending me boyfriend sandwiches, heavy on the
mean.
TRACEY. Well, this one's a simple case of divorce prelim.
NGUGI. Think I'll take in the Titanic musical.
TRACEY. (Grabs him, they start to go) Be a good little man and I'll
spring for the Kings game and a nice bus ride up.
NGUGI. You're on. The poisoned fruit of Ralph?
TRACEY. (Nods) Enough on this stripper's life to bake us all in glory.
Jenny 1-String photographs well.
NGUGI. (Hurt) Why didn't you call me?
TRACEY. (They pass SECRETARY) Corner of 5th and Smith. (SECRETARY jots
this)
NGUGI. You're kidding.
TRACEY. It's a real corner, Dennis.
NGUGI. Watch your mouth.
SECRETARY. Oh, Mr. Darkroom. (Bends over, gives him a trading card) MY
card.
NGUGI. (Looks at it, sucks in painful air) Girl. With a body like that,
why do you buy clothes?
SECRETARY. It keeps me on the streets.
NGUGI. You should -
TRACEY. (Pushes him out, they're in a hurry) Less one cute remark.
(They're on the street now. Traffic sounds. NGUGI still looks at
the card)
We're in a hurry, man.
NGUGI. - Why the Hell does she work for you?
TRACEY. She's a good kid.
NGUGI. Tracey, I think you need to see this card. (Hands it to him.
TRACEY tries not to look) Is that the body of a freshman Anything?
TRACEY. I'm trying to make a relationship work, do you mind?
NGUGI. I don't mind.
TRACEY. (Walk for a while, then) You know she's hot about you. I don't
know a woman who ain't. You've got - I don't know. You're fictional,
Den. I think you were made up when I see every woman -
NGUGI. What's the job?
TRACEY. (Sigh) You can't keep turning them off just because Lynn was -
NGUGI. What's the job?
TRACEY. (Pause) A wants to divorce B. There are little C's and D's
running around. Heavy money couple. Got the gig with contacts, and A
would like pictures of B to make sure B keeps the kids.
NGUGI. You don't have your alphabet on tight.
TRACEY. (Shakes his head) The kids stink. When the case comes up, Mr.
Durning is going to try to stick the woman with them. Typical rich kids
and they're bastards.
NGUGI. Even the girl?
TRACEY. She's a bitch. (Pause) Let's haul a cab in. Business is booming.
NGUGI. Yeah, when you keep working for farts like these. (They get into
a cab)
TRACEY. Fifth and Smith. - Den, I want anything you think is usable.
You know, the average.
NGUGI. Your typical vow-breaking video box covers, uh-huh. - Don't you
ever get tired of this?
TRACEY. - I don't get tired of the Kings. I don't tire of spending that
money. Cary doesn't mind when I surprise her with flowers every day.
NGUGI. That's a surprise?
TRACEY. (Pause) But how's life been, man? I see you like only twice a
week. What's the matter?
NGUGI. (Eager to change subject) Nothing's the matter, I got more jobs
than I want. The other day I got a Personal rejection from Bass Monthly.
TRACEY. Personal? Hey! "Dear Nugget" and everything?
NGUGI. Ngugi, yeah. It was quite a praise. I came close to $500. - Then
there was two weeks ago, I tried to do a complete layout for Smoker's
Quarterly, on the history of cigarette rolling shacks and where they
hung the leaves to dry and shit. - They took the one shot, got $40.
TRACEY. - Close, but no cigar, huh?
NGUGI. Hey, man. I try. You can get off my case. I'm putting my life
back on track. I appreciate all the jobs and fuck it!
TRACEY. Back on tack is more like it. You keep stepping carefully like
you're going to get -
NGUGI. What? What? Go on - what!
TRACEY. - Like you're going to get Hurt. All right? Okay?
NGUGI. (They sit and sulk for a while) What's A and B paying out?
TRACEY. I told you, man. I don't take nothing under 200 anymore. You
raise your prices, they think you're suddenly better.
NGUGI. For a downtown private eyepatch. I think Ralph's right, it don't
smell right.
TRACEY. Yeah, well, when I'm the whole mainframe of the operation, I've
gotta Fucking bring it in. I've got a secretary and her big stacka
trading cards to support.
NGUGI. Got that right. (Lights fade here)
Scene 2
(Outside the DURNINGS' place, dark out here. Through the small
windows part of the kitchen can be seen. It's the elder - 40s - MRS.
COL DURNING coming into the room, swaying to something slow
and barely audible. She gets ice from a container, puts a few rocks
in the glass, pours gin, takes a cube out, and rubs it against her.
The men look at each other. TRACEY motions that he's going around
the side of the house. NGUGI mouths "Now? It's just getting good!"
Still, TRACEY leaves. Suddenly FRANK comes in. Almost as if
he's going to rape or attack. NGUGI doesn't know what to do. But
in a moment it's clear that this is a willing sexual encounter, and
COL enjoys every rough moment. From the yard, there's a faint
sound of... something. NGUGI looks, then turns back to the kitchen
scene. The couple are beginning to make out. She still has her ice,
which she rubs around him. The glass topples to the floor. They
follow it. NGUGI tries to see and can't)
NGUGI. (Whispering to himself) I can't believe this. A million people -
(He's interrupted by a masked ATTACKER coming up quickly.
NGUGI's instincts tell him quick enough to kick, but the man has
a lead pipe, which clangs when it misses. The two trade blows, but
NGUGI's hits don't seem to do much against a face of material.
The lead pipe hits against the house a couple times. There is a faint
scramble of voices from inside. The fight is so quick, and NGUGI is
down too fast. The pipe comes down on the back of his head, maybe,
with a crack. A second blow comes, then a third is interrupted by
faces at the window. FRANK bolts out, ATTACKER blows. COL
is worried. Lights out)
Part II
Scene 3
(Hospital. TRACEY is in bed, and it looks bad. Broken ribs, watercolor
face. NGUGI enters with a bandaid on his nose. TRACEY is surprised and
pleased as coke)
TRACEY. I can't believe you're still alive.
NGUGI. I'm going to kill the man.
TRACEY. Why are you still alive?
NGUGI. I've got everything to live for.
TRACEY. Get a look?
NGUGI. Who else? It was Frank.
TRACEY. Saw the bastard?
NGUGI. Who could it be? Who knew? (They shake hands)
TRACEY. I can't believe this.
NGUGI. Let me tell you the secret. I'm strong enough for a man -
TRACEY. - made for a woman.
NGUGI. It was the outside hose. One of those old fashioned kinds with
the - thing you hook the hose to. Guy thought it was my head. It
cracked. Sounded good. Second one caught me a little in my shoulder. I
had an itch there anyway. It was dark.
TRACEY. You don't know how glad -
NGUGI. Yeah. I'm going to kill the guy, TRACEY. Get ready to use all
your political influence.
TRACEY. Surprised burglar?
NGUGI. What are the chances of me seeing Frank again?
TRACEY. Frank?
NGUGI. Tell you about it. (Turns to go)
TRACEY. I'm going to be laid up. Do me a favor?
NGUGI. After almost getting me killed? Sure.
TRACEY. (Throws wallet) You're me. I'm - how the hell you say that ag-
NGUGI. NGUGI.
TRACEY. Nobody tells me anything around here. I didn't know your
condition, but whoever they're after, if anyone, helps a little if
you're not who you are.
NGUGI. Watch your mouth. (Rips off bandaid) I was shaving the fuzz of my
nose this morning.
TRACEY. I got up this morning, it was getting lighter, I called us in.
Man, you looked Dead.
NGUGI. I sleep heavy. If I fall asleep on top of a woman -
TRACEY. Yeah, okay. - Just check into Ralph for me, huh? Jenny's got him
quacking like a cartoon, and I'm laid up like day-old. Huh?
NGUGI. You know you don't have to ask me twice. (Looks in wallet) I got
other stuff to finish.
TRACEY. Develop it at the Mama, Please, huh?
NGUGI. (Laughs) What?
TRACEY. The Mama, Please. A clubfoot for the nude in us all.
NGUGI. This sounds too much like a repeat.
TRACEY. Hey, you're right. I didn't notice it until just now. Getting
the dope on all these women..
NGUGI. Patterns, baby, patterns. (Starts off) You didn't see him. Her.
TRACEY. From behind. Couldn't've been a lead pipe on me? - Hey, man.
Thanks. (NGUGI grabs crotch and exits room. Outside waits an anxious
CARY. The two hug)
CARY. Tell me the truth.
NGUGI. I used to be a woman. (She laughs to tears, falls in his arms)
He's okay. He's all right! You'd think it was Me that got shot in the
ass!
CARY. (Laughs again; cleans up) You'll come to dinner.
NGUGI. I gotta go kick some ass. (Gently removes her. She goes into
room, he leaves, as lights fade)
Scene 4
(An apartment in the Bronx. The furniture is brown and often moves.
Cracks in the walls, in the glass, in the windows. It's dark. But a
woman wheels pottery. She is pretty, sleek and perfectly figured;
Playmate of the Year, the rarest of novelties. The front door slams open
from NGUGI's foot. Light in the room)
NGUGI. I'm sorry. Is Frankie in?
MERL. I don't like Sinatra. (Quickly takes a gun from a hidden pocket in
her clay tools. Big gun) You want to get out, or you want to leave this
world?
NGUGI. (A bluff, steps in) What's the next one like?
MERL. What do you want?
NGUGI. Frank. (Flashes p.i. badge) I don't know his social security
number.
MERL. (Decides. Puts gun at ease, but not away) As I said, I'm not a
Sinatra fan.
NGUGI. That's not his name, surely.
MERL. I find it's easier to deal in types than be surprised later. The
man coughs and the women swoon, Frank. I was born with too much male
hair under my arms I guess. I'm MERL. Live with Kia. Live against her
really. Makes me sick with that Frank guy, and he treats her like gold
shit. I don't know, it's hard to explain. I'm always getting in between
them when he's pissed with her - and comes up with a Good reason, so,
it's like her fault.
NGUGI. Is there anything else I can tell you?
MERL. (Smiles) You're a funny man.
NGUGI. It's okay. I'm gay. (Steps in more. She is Beautiful) That's a
big gun.
MERL. Hey. Big men. The Bronx is built that way.
NGUGI. Where's Kia?
MERL. I haven't seen her all day.
NGUGI. (Noticing pottery and sculptures around, all in the dark) You're
pretty good.
MERL. I suppose you're better?
NGUGI. (Smiles) You don't do this for a living?
MERL. That's right. I like to go to the movies, blow bubbles, feed this
part time cat that hangs around my bedroom window, have a plum. That
shit costs cash.
NGUGI. That mouth would look better if it wasn't always steeped in -
MERL. I have no idea where she is. (Pause) Huh?
NGUGI. Oh! - If you hear from her, call, and give her this to call.
(Hands her card)
MERL. You don't trust anyone.
NGUGI. You know if she has a regular source of income/outcome?
MERL. Try her agency.
NGUGI. She doesn't have one. Told me she came right off the street. Had
the face. Somebody said she should be a model. She was dumb enough to
take her clothes off for me.
MERL. You photograph?
NGUGI. Yeah, MERL. I hate that name, sugar. Give me a name.
MERL. It's MERL. And that's it. Oh, you mean - I don't know. Sometimes
she's at Brahim's, when she goes all cold and naked. Indian food. Follow
the smell.
NGUGI. Thanks, sugar. You're -
MERL. MERL. Short and distorted for Mural, I like it. You could wet down
my clay.
NGUGI. My name's NGUGI. And I don't have time. (Lights out. Immediate
strip club music. JENNY 1-STRING dances with the Sunday paper in front
of her; it's her gimmick. She peels the funnies, or ads, and covers the
good parts with the sections. She's an idiot, but it doesn't show in the
lights. Somehow the lights come up dimly on the seating area. Guys
around, paying attention. RALPH comes forward, almost proud. NGUGI
enters. He can't help it, takes out the camera he always carries and
snaps a few pix. RALPH snaps and a couple of "BOYS" come forward to
bounce the ball Out. NGUGI takes them down with terrific, too fast
triple-action gut blows which double them over. He takes the pix over
their bowing mainframes. RALPH comes back, snaps to JENNY. She leaves)
RALPH. You got a problem with me?
NGUGI. Oh god, you're not one of those jews that always states in
questions.
RALPH. Are you askin'?
NGUGI. Fuck you, RALPH.
RALPH. Do I know you? I don't go to that many funerals.
NGUGI. Ha, you've got about as much muscle as a - I'll let you finish
it. What do you think?
RALPH. I think you got ten seconds... (A BOUNCER stands, NGUGI punches
the gut again. He knees the teeth of the other one, just for fun.
Laughs)
NGUGI. That guy was going to knife my twat.
RALPH. What the hell are you doing?
NGUGI. Oh, that's right. I wanna see JENNY. Thanks. (Goes off)
RALPH. (To BOUNCERS) I don't want no gall bladders. Please don't say
something's wrong. (Lights dim here, come up on a small dressing area.
JENNY is half-nude and dealing with problematic glitter stars for her
face; they get all over)
NGUGI. Jenny 1-String?
JENNY. (Speaks with false French accent. Laughs) Yeah. But I'm not on
the stage. You want a lap dance?
NGUGI. That's very kind of you to ask, but it's Lent you know.
JENNY. Oh.
NGUGI. (Watches her, then) Ralph loves you. You know that?
JENNY. He is kind. He is watchful. He is considerate.
NGUGI. What was that second one?
JENNY. He is like the big brother I never had. Always watching, always
careful. Sometimes we drive all the way up Third Avenue, and they come
to wipe the bird doo off the front, and he smacks them in the face.
(Laughs) That is love.
NGUGI. When's the last time you had sex with your brother?
JENNY. (Looks at him for the first time) What kind of question is that?
NGUGI. I don't know. Interrogative?
JENNY. If you don't want a dance, leave.
NGUGI. (Sits on stool) Okay. Let's suppose I really do want this lap
dance. What does it entail?
JENNY. No tail. I just dance for you. Shoulders, arms, upper neck, I
touch, I experience. You drive home, you find yourself going faster. You
turn on the radio to slow down.
NGUGI. Uh-huh. - I don't know. I'd have to be satisfied. You see, I'm
Catholic, and I'm very fond of any children I spend. You understand.
(She turns back to him again, away from mirror. NGUGI takes out money.
An attention getter) I'd need references.
JENNY. What are these references?
NGUGI. The men. The men from before. I mean. It's not always at this
club, is it?
JENNY. What?
NGUGI. Sometimes they can't get in. They're busy. You make arrangements,
make appointments. An apartment. Class is as class does.
JENNY. Huh?
NGUGI. I can see the nipple on your accent...
JENNY. What?
NGUGI. A name. Any name. I pay too well, and I have my beliefs. Would
you have me sin for the sake of something unsatisfactory? I can't deal
with that. I pray. Every Saturday. St. Martin's in the Field. Without
cause, without deviance, straight there, God. (Up close) JENNY. I'd like
something really Good to confess this time.
JENNY. (Under the spell of both fool and his money) Max. Max Blaster.
NGUGI. Max Blaster? (She nods) Is he on the corner of 5th and Smith?
(She shakes her head) I have a family. When I'm unfaithful..
JENNY. I know. And it's okay. We all have to break loose sometime.
NGUGI. I know. And I know this seems foolish to you. I don't subscribe
to Hustler. I don't even get gas at Mobil, I know the racks that are
waiting for me in there. The pain. The Jenny McCarthy...
JENNY. (Pause. Gets the thought) A magazine!
NGUGI. They keep them wrapped up, but you can still see a little.
JENNY. I know. I know. - But I don't do any fucking. No fucking.
NGUGI. (Looks at her) Don't you? (Lights out)
Scene 5
(In a cab. NGUGI takes cell phone out of inside shirt or coat pocket,
looks at it for a minute, then dials. Lights up on TRACEY's office,
where SECRETARY, as on fire as ever, answers)
SECRETARY. Tracey Associates, investigators. (Pause) Hello?
NGUGI. Say it again.
SECRETARY. Tracey Associates, investigators. (Pause) Hello?
NGUGI. Ngugi, baby. I'm taking the first cab I've had from the inside in
- three months. I'm going to have lunch at Fontano's. I might even keep
the receipt.
SECRETARY. Don't worry about it, Tracey has the government sewn up, it's
the cops he worries about.
NGUGI. Don't we all.
SECRETARY. (Reads from pad) He said to dig up the bodies on Mr. and Mrs.
Alphabet?
NGUGI. Durning.
SECRETARY. And a - Sugar called? Kia's in touch, and Frankie's off
singing somewhere, I do Not know what this stuff means, I'm reading it
off paper.
NGUGI. And it's very believable. See what Treasury, National Endowment
for the Arts, whatever, has on Max Baxter. And Ralph, while you're at
it, you got the information on whatever retainer he left. Need to know
the nightmares I'm dealing to. Kia still stationary?
SECRETARY. Well, Merl said she had something on at the Greysilk Outlet
Center.
NGUGI. Something on? Never. (Suddenly COL gets into cab, with gun.
Pause) Um, I'm going there now. Tell everyone. (Hangs up. Lights out on
SECRETARY. COL doesn't let gun be seen by "cabbie") Hi. I caught your
ice show. You can really twirl.
COL. (Smiles) I know. That's why you're going to tell me what the hell?
NGUGI. - What?
COL. You were doing there.
NGUGI. Do you mind? (She doesn't. To "cabbie") Greysilk Outlet Center.
(Pause) How did you find me?
COL. I've made love to enough private eyes to know when they're looking.
NGUGI. - I don't believe you. - Anyway, the case is suspended
indefinitely. Ngugi's recovering nicely like a fool. What's with the
gun?
COL. (Takes out paper) Sign this. (NGUGI tries to read) You can sign it.
NGUGI. Under durrest?
COL. I'm not placing anyone under arrest. Just shoot your balls off.
NGUGI. No. Du. Durrest. My balls bounce loud, girl. (To "cabbie") No,
left. Left! (COL looks, and in that moment NGUGI disarms her with a good
wrist twist. Still to "cabbie") Stop. Here! Stop! (Opens door, makes COL
move toward it with one hand, snatching document with the other. Kicks
her ass out) Okay, go. Please. (Lights out as NGUGI reads)
Scene 6
(Greysilk Outlet Center. Lights up and loud music on a runway where a
lanky MODEL slinks out like a black man in a 30s movie. The music is
industrial, the watchful crowd barely heard, the lights punk in origin.
MODEL finishes up her walk, and KIA comes on, unsure, but putting on a
Grade-A front. NGUGI walks on, in the back, with newspaper in hand. He
breaths in the familiar air, then coughs on it. KIA walks down to the
end, then falls, clutching her bloody neck. A brief pause, then NGUGI
races to help her. Crowd sounds. It's too late. Lights down. Lights up
at a news stand on the street. TRINH, big, smart like a dog collar,
roams the street. NGUGI walks a few steps back to the stand. He's eating
a hot dog, reading a paper)
TRINH. Where have you been?
NGUGI. Getting some beef!
TRINH. You walked off a murder scene.
NGUGI. Great.
TRINH. (Notebook ready) Name.
NGUGI. Look. (Hands him hot dog, shows p.i. badge) Tracey, and I'm no
Dick. Well. I am a dick I guess.
TRINH. I'll say. Don't you know that I could slam you away right now for
doing a disappearance? For all I know, you could've taken something from
her hand, removed something, you could be the killer, and I'm holding
your hot dog. (Gives it back)
NGUGI. Let's break that down. I killed her, from a distance, so I could
be one of many. I decide to come up on stage, losing my disguise, for
the treat of claiming something I could've gotten before or after the
strut.
TRINH. You could've arrived too late.
NGUGI. I could've waited.
TRINH. She might've been so afraid of you, she wasn't going to Let you
get close enough. Women scream.
NGUGI. Let's not bring sex into this.
TRINH. Tell me what you were doing there, I could forgive.
NGUGI. I'll need a list of the players in the crowd.
TRINH. For what!
NGUGI. For forgiveness. See, you don't ask me if she was a friend or
perhaps a co-worker, you'll never forgive Yourself, and it's goodbye to
the really Good crackers at the Governor's parties. Yes, I've heard
about them. They're not Ritz. Even though they have that vague butter
flavor.
TRINH. What do you know about Joe's crackers?
NGUGI. It's Joe! Well, you and buddy are working Close to fight this
crime wave. As if the ocean ever stops producing waves. You idiot. I'm
sorry. I meant, I've seen your black and whites in the paper, I'm sorry
no one airbrushes when it's not color.
TRINH. (Smiles) What's your connection? Who are -
NGUGI. Do I get the list, Trinh?
TRINH. I've heard of you. You're good. (Pause) For that, I want the name
of your client.
NGUGI. (Sees something) Get down! (The hot dog is shot out of NGUGI's
hand. He screams in pain. Even though he's flat on the pavement, TRINH
has his gun out, looking around. NGUGI still screams) All right! Come
on! (TRINH starts to run out) Fuck that! Help me find my finger!!
(Writhing in tragedy, NGUGI can barely focus his eyes from the pain.
TRINH can't help a smile, but it fades fast as he looks around for the
meat. Lights down here)
Scene 7
(Outpatient surgery, hospital. A fine redhead NURSE is caring for
NGUGI's red bandages. NGUGI is dazed, but coming out of the trauma)
NURSE. Thursday.
NGUGI. Thursday.
NURSE. Can you think about that? Thursday.
NGUGI. You should be a teacher. All the little boys would get A's, at
least a shy B. Everything that comes outa your mouth...
NURSE. You're sweet.
NGUGI. Yeah, but what flavor? (She smiles and looks at him. For some
reason, she finds her head tilting toward him. But TRACEY enters on
crutches or wheelchair and crawls over) I could've been serving myself
here, TRACEY.
TRACEY. No locks on anything, pal. Except that one.
NURSE. Don't mind me. (Cleans up area)
TRACEY. This isn't the self-service pump, friend.
NGUGI. I need everything you've ever had on all these Durnings crapping
around.
TRACEY. What's the connection? You were going to see some sort of Kia
something?
NGUGI. Yeah, Mrs. A bangs Frank, Frank bangs KIA, and Frank bangs you.
You'd have had the girl, if the circle is to continue.
TRACEY. Sorry about her, man.
NGUGI. (Long pause) I'm in. (Pause) How long before both feet kick?
TRACEY. Believe it or not, this sock is a new foam cast or some shit.
Lightweight and holds your position totally.
NGUGI. I knew a cheerleader just like that. (NURSE gives him a smirk and
leaves) And I need your office.
TRACEY. You're kidding me. (He ain't) Aw, man, what am I going to do?
NGUGI. Sit on your Asshole. (Lights dim)
Part III
Scene 8
(Front door of a Fine upper-class dwelling. NGUGI walks toward it, but a
beeper goes off in his pocket. It freaks him out!)
NGUGI. Shit! Shit!! (He twirls around and around like a fool dog. He
finds the beeper and switches it off. PAUL, a bouncer turned Big butler,
opens the door) Did you just call me?
PAUL. What?
NGUGI. Did you just -
PAUL. What do you Want?
NGUGI. Really need to slice those things closer to the bone, queer duck.
Now. When I call you queer -
PAUL. Have an appointment?
NGUGI. Thanks! (He tries to walk in. PAUL tries to stop him. But they
are both unfortunately easily matched. The struggle continues for a
moment, then NGUGI decides it's time for unsportsmanship, and withdraws
a pocketknife, blade up already, from his sock. He threatens PAUL with
it) I don't have the time. And pay phones are now 35 cents, you know
that? (He backs into the house, as scenes change to let him into a fine
living room, complete with bean bags and false art. The click of a gun,
and NGUGI turns to see RALPH standing there) I thought houses this big
were sprayed.
RALPH. (Smiles) I'd love to kill you.
NGUGI. Enjoy yourself. (NGUGI puts his knife away)
RALPH. It's my nephew's birthday and he wants an ear. What do you say?
(No response. He laughs) Knowing when to shut up -
COL. (Entering) I couldn't get it out, but I've sent someone for a new
one. Oh.
NGUGI. What couldn't you get out? Bloodstains?
COL. (Nasty mouth taste) I never liked you. I was a chambermaid in Henry
the 1st's court, and you tasted the food.
NGUGI. Hey, I'm still doing that.
COL. And I hated you Then.
RALPH. - Don't bother with the glass, baby. Lemon doesn't do anything
for my stomach. (Replaces gun, and walks out, brushing NGUGI. Pause)
NGUGI. Baby. Don't tell me he just changed you?
COL. He calls everyone that. Or don't you read people?
NGUGI. Just Sunday and Wednesday papers, much, much cheaper than putting
my ear to the mouth.
COL. Frank's mouth isn't that bad.
NGUGI. You pick up quick. So what's the crossword here?, how does Ralph
fit into Frank?, without the obvious A.
COL. Frank?
NGUGI. You know. (Shows p.i. badge) The one you've been icing when the
Freeon gives out.
COL. (He's not Tracey) But y- (Stops. NGUGI is suspicious) I could have
you put out.
NGUGI. If I'm any judge of raccoon muscle, the James Arness Thing that
just walked out of here with Ralph beLongs to your guest. Or - is there
a man at the door Now?
COL. The point.
NGUGI. On the end of your sharpest pen. You know. There used to be this
ad in my hometown. A woman and a deep voiced man, selling cars? And he'd
claim they had the sharpest pencil in town.
COL. (Smiles) What's your price?
NGUGI. It's more than a filing cabinet.
COL. What?
NGUGI. And I'm afraid it's up there beyond cruises, I don't want to see
the world, I've been there. I need property. There's a limited volcano
supply, so everything's so High.
COL. I'll repeat myself.
NGUGI. (Sits. Uncomfortable here) Depends. You want a medium or a large?
COL. (Presses on an intercom) Forget the fresh glass.
NGUGI. Servants quarters that far away? What, the lemon in the bottom of
Ralph's glass didn't get washed thoroughly?
COL. (Surprised he guessed. Immediately calmed down) I can guess. The
medium, I get everything off it, including you, and you go away.
NGUGI. (Shakes head) That's the large. Go down a size, I just give your
husband a false report.
COL. - I knew someone had been on me a while now.
NGUGI. Frankly, I don't care what you do with your kids. Your fault for
not killing the seeds or whatever. You're a woman that thought she could
have it all. Or you had the kids to keep the man. But disillusionment on
either count. You want to be free. You've found some gold somewhere, and
you want to break, but somehow there's something kind in you -
COL. Please! Yes, I could run away and abandon those little fuckers. But
I'm not giving up half an estate. I go into court, and I put my plea in,
and I say I Want the children. But in comes limp hubby with the wrong
photographs. Proving I am sin. I ate the apple.
NGUGI. (Sits forward, intrigued) I don't get this at All. Then you don't
get the kids. That's what you want.
COL. But the judge is human. I'm a bad person, I don't deserve Quite so
much money.
NGUGI. You - (Pause. Tries to figure this out) Are you a very good
artist?
COL. (Smiles) There's someone behind you.
NGUGI. (Looks quickly for a second) It's like lotto. You never know. -
But Kia was a friend of mine.
COL. Who's Kia?
NGUGI. You know.
COL. Why tell me?
NGUGI. (A step closer) I'm going to find out.
COL. What?
NGUGI. If I knew that· (Goes toward the bar) Does Frank know - (He falls
to his knees, then out completely. COL presses the intercom)
COL. DERRY. (She comes over, searches NGUGI's pockets, takes his gun,
his notebook. She also takes a few 100s from a special comb in her hair.
She puts the bills in NGUGI's wallet as lite DERRY enters)
DERRY. No car. Guess it was a cab.
COL. Cab? (Surprised. Thinks)
DERRY. (About the money) What's that?
COL. I believe in equal distribution of fate. You get fucked, I believe
you should Get something for it.
DERRY. The ranch? (She nods. He starts to collect up NGUGI)
COL. (Looks at watch) If I haven't called - in 20 hours - you kill him.
(DERRY nods and takes the victim out. Lights out)
Scene 9
(An apartment, warm and fuzzy, out of the way and experimental in dcor.
TRINH, always armed just below the armpit, sits on the edge of his seat,
doing paper work like an addict. A knock at the door. He looks at his
watch)
TRINH. Yeah!
RILAL. (Enters) I guess you wanted me to come in.
TRINH. Yeah. (Finishes up work. Sees this Gorgeous gal) I'm sorry. If
I'd known you were so hot· Please. You want to sit down. Or a cup of
water.
RILAL. (Smiles and sits) I can only give a moment.
TRINH. Great. That's all I'm about. (Shows her photo) Know him?
RILAL. Half the city would.
TRINH. What's his connection to Kia Maplethorpe?
RILAL. She didn't have a last nane.
TRINH. Bet she did.
RILAL. I hired her out, all the time. She was Kia.
TRINH. You don't have to polish it for me. What were they, lovers?
RILAL. What were who?
TRINH. (Stares at her. Pause) That's all. You can go.
RILAL. (Sits for a moment) You call me here. Why am I here?
TRINH. That's all. (She starts to go) Oh. Give him this. (Scribbles
something on paper, and hands it) You get him jobs, I believe. Say
there's 200 in it for this.
RILAL. What is it?
TRINH. Reward. Officially. It's yours. There is 200 in that paper. -
Good girl? (She spits on him. TRINH's so surprised, he laughs as she
exits. MONAR enters, carefully, dressed for love) Come in, come in,
thanks for coming.
MONAR. Coming's extra.
TRINH. Huh?
MONAR. Look. What is this place? I saw RILAL. I don't know what you want
-
TRINH. Told you. Head of Tecs. Monar? Right?
MONAR. I don't know, You're head of tecs. What is that? Is that good?
TRINH. (Laughs) Detectives. Officer. You won't get banged. Well, not by
me. You want to sit?
MONAR. Then why am I.. (Spreads her arms)
TRINH. (Sigh) I take this place as a way of making people comfortable.
And being where it is, hmm, isn't it just odd that most of the people I
need to interview Come from this half of the city. Convenience.
Annonimity. It just Feels right.
MONAR. Yeah, but I saw Her. I see her, somebody else sees -
TRINH. Only if you've got something to hide. (Pause) If you don't want
to be seen. (Pause. She sits) You were there. Tell me.
MONAR. I was there. (His piercing eyes say 'cut the crap'. Pause) I
wasn't suppose to run, I was there for morale. But they went a leg short
-
TRINH. Leg?
MONAR. It was a special garter, with a holder. Yes, I was wearing
something else. It was trash. Just to make the rest of it look better,
anyway. I was hooking into it. - I saw this man give Kia a small
package. Or it could've been one of those padded envelopes. Does it
matter? (TRINH shakes his head) She gave him a tip. (Pause) If that's
the only thing you want to know. There was nothing else.
TRINH. Was it Ngugi?
MONAR. Ngugi? No. I don't think so. It was - Huh. (Thinks) Funny.
Something weird about that shadow.
TRINH. Shadow?
MONAR. Well, the guy. He had the lights back of him, or in front, I
don't remember which way sunlight works. In a shadow. And - weird.
TRINH. (Pause) You were also at the shoot the morning the boyfriend got
his balls knocked together.
MONAR. (Pause) That was unfortunate.
TRINH. I'll bet. - Where is he now? NGUGI. (She shrugs) Anything between
them?
MONAR. Ngugi? (Laughs) You don't know about the man. (Lights up slowly
on a solitary room. NGUGI is out cold on a chair with a bent back as
DERRY plays electronic checkers at a small table)
TRINH. Tell.
MONAR. While back. Lynn gets killed. It was his first time in love, I
guess, or whatever a person thinks that is. She slips in the bathtub. It
doesn't have to happen.
TRINH. I have no accident report on that.
MONAR. Oh? (Pause) Well, the man's not into women now. He's not a fag. I
think. But he's clit tease, sharpening the thing on our egos, and some
of them want him more. I need the work.
TRINH. Of course. But you couldn't swear -
MONAR. Why all this?
TRINH. We want him. - I'm not a fag. (Lights have finally faded here.
DERRY plays for a few minutes, winning the game which makes stupid
little sounds. It awakens NGUGI who decides to play dead for a moment)
DERRY. Might as well open your eyes for a little while.
NGUGI. Okay, igit. Why?
DERRY. Because life is beautiful. And too short. You've got. 7 minutes
to live.
NGUGI. Are you God?
DERRY. Don't we look alike?
NGUGI. Cute.
DERRY. That's what the ladies say.
NGUGI. Shut up. (Phone rings)
DERRY. (Answers phone fron pocket) Hi. (Pause) Yeah. (Pause) You think
that's going to help? (Pause. Replaces phone)
Part 4 coming soon...
************************************************************************
3 SHORT STORIES
by BEN OHMART
************************************************************************
The Smoke Clears
You know, all this trash that's being dumped right at cigarettes'
butts is great, having the corporations pay off big time, and the
human race getting a little bit back out of the mega-mind control
that's been going on ever since Bogy first mumbled something black
and white, but what about the booze, baby? I never hear about the
Booze. I want to hear something about The BOOOOZE.
If the point of restricting cigarettes is that they kill, in or
out of your mouth, it seems to me that beer, hard stuff and wine
does just as much damage. But it's never talked about. It's
treated as dramatic by the poets who want to lead cool,
self-destructive lives; it's let on tv as the most imaginative of
the commercials (unfortunately, the biggest bucks hire the
cleverest gag writers); and it's not an in thing to talk about
booze killing. But it takes the lives of 1000s of people each
year: this second hand smoke of having a woozy hand behind the
wheel pick off pedestrians.And it kills the drinkers. Is it a
slower death? I thought lung cancer tookjust as long as dying from
a drowned liver? How come drinks and smokesaren't on the same
level?
Of course drinking is a social activity; and sometimes you look
coolerlighting up by yourself. Safety and acceptance in numbers?
Maybe that's it. It can't be the cash. Cigars, cigarettes, and
pipes bring in just as much cash from the zombies as the drinking
does. Of course, you can drink faster than you can smoke. Maybe
that's it. You can get plastered. And it's an alternative to
pills, cheaper even, if you buy by the bottle instead of haunting
pubs. Yeah, that's right, there are no smoking clubs anymore, are
there? Or were there Ever in the US? Besides, other things went on
in smoking clubs besides smoking anyway. But on a college campus,
you can set up shop to look grown-up, be a real man and push back
a lot of liquor in one swaying sitting. If you're a three pack a
day man, no one really cares. They can't watch you smoke them all,
can they?
It's got to be looked at in a different light, or the same light,
drinking. People will have to consider that what they do will
ultimately harm another person at some point. Non-smokers could
hold their noses and put up an unamused wall of trashy looks and
uninterest. But until we start holding our noses at the drink that
could hit us later, it's not going to happen, nothing's going to
change. You can smell the smoke on you immediately. It hurts your
senses. It's dramatic, you See what it does, it rises, it causes
coughs Immediately. What does that second hand drink do? I guess
it's going to have to do Something to get us concerned enough.
Either that or hit a Mayor's son. Yeah, that's it, jocks. Swerve
for some Names.
-------------------
God In The Sky
Science continues to overtake God everyday, forcing more people
out of the reverence place, into more Sunday morning tv
programming. The young people continue to disbelieve because there
hasn't been any hearsay since the New Testament got written. The
old people who still go to worship are lucky, because they had
fewer choices than we do now. Yes, fewer choices could be better,
it made life simpler, and when there were fewer things to worry
about, you could put your trust in a God of your own making, or
that word of mouth God that was supposed to make everything
better, because the solution was simple. Fewer answers to worry
about back then too, since science was still a babe, one that
didn't look very fine, and there wasn't enough faith in this new
god to prove itself to anyone except Future Generations.
So why is the church still around after all this time, in the age
of the laptop computer and Monostat 7? The aim has gone from being
a vengeful and powerful God into being a being of peace. More
problems, more choices in the world means the old ways of thinking
need a place to gather, replenish outdated ideals, and go back
into the new world for another week, refreshed, and able to see
life for what it isn't. A world under God, where everything
happens for a reason.
But church is more than that, on the other hand. Most churches
don't just pass the plate around for the pastor's paycheck and the
rent. They do some good in the community. They preach forgiveness
and tolerance, and do nothing destructive. They give to the needy,
and help out in times of crisis and natural disaster. This is what
Really keeps the church alive in our modern day; humans are
naturally greedy creatures. If the church, "empowered" by "God",
didn't do anything for Them, it would be just another institution
that's gone the way of all drive-ins.
That is a good thing. Because there isn't enough goodness or
graciousness in the world. It all comes from the people who feel
good enough to give it, not from a named power that sits up
somewhere in the clouds and dictates random order. People are left
to people, and there are a lot of nuts out there. Bombs and
childhood traumas blubbing up and people that just click and mow
down some long-lasted lives. Not to mention the wars between God's
chosen, each thinking the other wrong, each calling their holy war
necessary, not caring who is ultimately hurt. This alone is enough
of a reason to Know that there's nothing up, down or beside us at
every turn, there to save us from ourselves, eternal Anything, or
an immediate sin just because we've prayed to the right entity.
But if there's a god, Greek, Roman or Albanian, or not, what's
wrong with people believing there is? If it keeps them in line,
nothing. The point of God is keeping everyone in line, letting
them live good lives. The evil of the coin is those people who
think their lives are preordained so that Nothing they do matters,
and therefore, they can do Anything. Then there are those Gods who
don't seem to care about anyone except the believers. The
religious nuts of these higher powers won't rest, some of them
anyway, until all infidels go the way of the panda bear: just slow
enough so that the pain Feels good. If there is any argument for
whether or not God SHOULD exist, I'd say the cons far outweigh the
pros. There are enough problems in the world already without
getting supernatural. Check your guns with your Bibles at the
door, and come in for a nice game of T2 in the lobby of the
movies. It's going to be more fun watching the latest Sharon Stone
sin than worrying about an eternity that's taking forever to prove
itself.
-------------------
Geek Limp
friend of mine was over the wall yesterday. the wall's a place
that sells the most sell out music. go to the mall, go to the
wall, see what all the corporations want you to buy. it's the
place to find out what's cool by the absence of cool things.
hung out at the mall eating a corn dog that tasted like a
wrestler's middle finger, and tried on 2 sets of black Payless
shoes. would've been 3, but you know. missed the computer.
so to make myself feel better, went to the game shop and looked at
all the stuff that wasn't facing me. see, a biz has to pay more $$
to get their games facing front. you don't have to pay any extra
to have just the spine showing on the shelf. so i was overlooking
all the air sim games in favor of mysteries. i didn't like the
Doom clones because guns were so cheap, i could do the real thing
for real if i really wanted to. might as well play something you
won't get anywhere else. i mean, i could always hijack a plane.
mysteries take strategy and time.
Under a Killing Moon. ever heard of it? any good? i don't know. 20
bucks.
i went to the bargain rack again; my major hang out. there was
some weird game in there called Your Mother Smells. $2. so i
bought it.
said on the back it was supposed to be about this mom who can tell
what her kid's Really doing. a mystery. see, her kid doesn't go to
school. so she has to find out what the hell he does all day. and
she's got this Big funny nose, and no arms. weird. and as soon as
you find out what your kid's doing (drugs, numbers, programming
http, or playing spin the bottle opener), you go into the bedroom.
you have another kid. then you play again.
it took me 5 minutes to finish the 3 kid, and i was Bored. i'm
always BORED. i get on my bike and i run into a tree. then i limp
back to my computer, click on the extra hard drive and start
clicking my mouse while my cat fills up the holes in my speakers
with loose hair.
went back to the mall. no mall. i thought - what the hell? just
what i said. NO MALL. it wasn't there anyway. i was there, like,
15 hours ago. there was a sign on one of the pulled up boulders.
they left a note for me. 'dear wineburger. we've moved. no, don't
look for us. you never buy anything anyway.'
i went home and got the receipt for Your Mother Smells. i had to
get my mall back. i couldn't believe this. i couldn't - i mean -
this - you know, this was my Life. god.
then receipt blew out of my hands.
life over.
************************************************************************
THE ELKHORN MANIFESTO - SHADOW OF THE SWASTIKA
by R. WILLIAM DAVIS
************************************************************************
The Elkhorn Project Presents:
Shadow of the Swastika:
The Real Reason the Government won't Debate
Medical Cannabis and Industrial Hemp Relegalization
The five parts which follow this introduction contain
the results of my three years of research into the
connection between the prime suspects in the "hemp and
marijuana conspiracy," namely William Randolph Hearst, the
du Ponts, and Andrew Mellon, and the Nazis. This document,
published as an Open Letter to all Americans, reveals evidence
I have gathered that these powerful Americans, prominent in
the Media, Petrochemical, and Banking industries in the 1930s
and 1940s, were involved in a much larger conspiracy as well,
during this same time period.
This larger conspiracy, which is extensively documented in
Congressional Records, criminal indictments, and Justice
Department files, involved a secret business and financial
alliance between several major American corporations, and
the Nazis, during World War II. This is not a conspiracy
"theory." It is history, and I have included a listing of all
my sources.
I believe that after you read this paper, and review the
extensive documentation included, you will agree that the
evidence shows that the government- and corporate-sponsored
repression of medicinal, industrial and, yes, even personal,
use of cannabis hemp in America today, is being enforced for
two reasons: (1) to prevent public discovery of the truth that
marijuana is not the "deadly" drug the government claimed it
was and was supressed only to protect the profits of patented
medicines, wood-pulp paper and petrochemicals and, (2) to
prevent any serious investigation into certain events and
circumstances which existed during the creation of Marijuana
Prohibition in the years leading up to World War II.
As you will see, such an investigation would reveal to the
American public not only the fact that Hearst, the du Ponts,
and Mellon were Nazi collaborators, but that many other U.S.
corporations - among them Ford Motor Company, General Motors,
ITT and Standard Oil - actively aided Nazi Germany
throughout World War II, owning and operating Nazi war
factories inside Germany, producing weapons, equipment and
fuel which was used to kill American soldiers and sailors
and airmen. Not only did these corporations directly profit
financially from the blood of Americans, in 1967, the U.S.
Congress awarded millions of dollars in war reparations
payments and tax breaks to American corporations whose Nazi
war factories were damaged during the war, on the basis that
they were American property damaged by Allied attacks.
"Shadow of the Swastika" documents the pro-Nazi, pro-Fascist,
anti-American roots of the present-day Cannabis Prohibition,
and includes evidence that, after the end of World War II,
fugitive Nazi war criminals were recruited into U.S.
intelligence agencies, the U.S. State Department and the
Republican Party, and more recently, into the Presidential
Administrations of the three most anti-cannabis Republicans
in modern history - Richard Nixon, Ronald Reagan and George
Bush.
SHADOW OF THE SWASTIKA:
The Real Reason the Government Won't Debate
Medical Cannabis and Industrial Hemp Relegalization:
----------------------------------------------------------------
Documented Evidence of a Secret Business and Political
Alliance Between the U.S. "Establishment" and the Nazis,
Before, During and After World War II, up to the Present.
----------------------------------------------------------------
By R. William Davis
Director, The Elkhorn Project
-------
PREFACE
-------
Before the Gatewood Galbraith for Governor Campaign in 1991, few
Kentuckians knew that the plant that the federal government had
demonized for over 50 years as "Marijuana - Assassin of Youth," was,
in fact, Cannabis Hemp, the most traded commodity in the world until
the mid-1800s, and our state's number one crop, industry, and most
important source of revenue, for over 150 years.
Today, thanks to the efforts of pioneer hemp researchers and
public advocates such as Galbraith, Jack Fraizer, Jack Herer, Chris
Conrad, Ed Rosenthal, Don Wirtshafter and others, the federal
government's unjustifiable suppression of our state's right to develop
our most valuable and versatile natural resource, is facing increasing
opposition from an informed public. Hemp is now recognized as the
number one agriculturally renewable raw material in the world, and
perhaps the only crop / industry which can guarantee us industrial and
economic independence from the trans-national corporations.
"Shadow of the Swastika" is a follow-up to my earlier work,
"Cannabis Hemp: the Invisible Prohibition Revealed," which I wrote and
published in support of the Galbraith Campaign. Since publication of
that booklet, there has been growing public acceptance of the evidence
that Marijuana Prohibition was created in 1937, not to protect society
from the "evils of the drug Marijuana," as the Federal government
claimed, but as an act of deliberate economic and industrial sabotage
against the re-emerging Industrial Hemp Industry.
Previous investigations by hemp researchers have been limited to
the suppression of free-market competition from the hemp industry, and
focused on the activities of three prominent members of America's
corporate, industrial and banking establishment during the mid- to
late-1930s:
WILLIAM RANDOLPH HEARST, the newspaper and magazine tycoon. The
expected rebirth of cannabis hemp as a less expensive source of pulp
for paper meant his millions of acres of prime timberland, and
investment in wood pulp papermaking equipment, would soon be worth
much less. In the 1920s, about the same time as the equipment was
developed to economically mass-produce raw hemp into pulp and fiber
for paper, he began the "Reefer Madness" hoax in his newspaper and
magazine publications.
ANDREW MELLON, founder of the Gulf Oil Corporation. He knew that
cannabis hemp was an alternative industrial raw material for the
production of thousands of products, including fuel and plastics,
which, if allowed to compete in the free-market, would threaten the
future profits of the oil companies. As Secretary of the Treasury he
created the Federal Bureau of Narcotics, and appointed his own future
nephew-in-law, Harry Anslinger, as director. Anslinger would later use
the sensational, and totally fabricated, articles published by Hearst,
to push the Marijuana Tax Act of 1937 through Congress, which
successfully destroyed the rebirth of the cannabis hemp industry.
A prominent member of one Congressional subcommittee who voted in
favor of this bill was Joseph Guffey of Pennsylvania, an oil tycoon
and former business partner of Andrew Mellon in the Spindletop oil
fields in Texas.
THE DU PONT CHEMICAL CORPORATION, which owned the patents on
synthetic petrochemicals and industrial processes that promised
billions of dollars in future profits from the sale of wood pulp paper,
lead additives for gasoline, synthetic fibers and plastics, if hemp
could be suppressed. At the time, du Pont family influence in both
government and the private sector was unmatched, according to
historians and journalists.
This publication, however, reveals documented historical evidence
that the suppression of the hemp industry was only one key part of a
much larger conspiracy in the 1930s, not only by the three corporate
interests named above, but by many others, as well.
Congressional records, FBI reports and investigations by the
Justice Department, during the 1930s and 1940s, have already
documented evidence of this wider plot. A list of the corporations
named include Du Pont, Standard Oil, and General Motors, all of which
were proven to be conspiring with Nazi industrial cartels to eliminate
competition world-wide and divide among themselves the Earth's
industrial resources and commercial markets, for profitable
exploitation.
This conspiracy succeeded. It is now obvious that this lack of
serious competition in the industrial raw materials market caused our
present - and totally contrived - addiction to petrochemicals. Its
success is directly responsible for the most troubling problems we now
face in the 1990s; serious damage to our environment, concentration of
economic and political power into fewer and fewer hands, and the
weakening of the rights of individuals and states to determine their
own futures.
It is more and more evident that, given the historical record,
the structure of the New World Order is being built upon the
Foundation of Marijuana Prohibition, and only the relegalization of
free-market hemp competition can save us.
R. William Davis
July 4, 1996
Louisville, Kentucky
------------
INTRODUCTION
------------
To clearly understand the circumstances which existed during the
1930s and 1940s, and are the subject of this booklet, it would be
helpful to first put the hemp / petrochemical conflict into historical
perspective. The events which took place in the years leading up to
World War II were a continuation of a struggle between agricultural
and industrial interests that began before the American Revolution, a
struggle which has yet to be decided, even today.
AGRICULTURE VS. INDUSTRY
The historical record, at least as it has been presented to us in
the public school system, is that the Civil War was fought to end
slavery. This is not the whole story. The truth of the matter is that
it was also a clash between Northern industrialists and Southern
agriculturists, over control of
the expansion into the newly opened
West.
In 1845, Abraham Lincoln wrote, "I hold it a paramount duty of us
in the free states due to the union of the states, and perhaps to
liberty itself, to let the slavery of other states alone." (1)
Concerning the Western territories, he said "The whole Nation is
interested that the best use shall be made of these territories. We
want them for homes and free white people. This they cannot be, to
any considerable extent, if slavery be planted within them." (2)
Lincoln was caught in the middle between the Northern
industrialists and the Southern agriculturists, who both wanted to
dominate Western expansion because of the wealth it offered. The
industrialists knew that the agriculturists depended on slavery
because cotton, upon which Southern wealth was based, was very labor
intensive and required the inexpensive labor that slavery provided.
They knew that if the Western lands were declared "free states" then
the Southern agriculturists would be unable to compete, and would be
forced to leave Western expansion, and its potential profits, to the
Northern industrialists.
Quoting "The Irony of Democracy," by Thomas R. Dye and T. Harmon
Zeigler, "The importance of the Civil War for America's elite
structure was the commanding position that the new industrial
capitalists won during the course of the struggle. . . . The
economic transformation of the United States from an agricultural to
an industrial nation reached the crescendo of a revolution in the
second half of the nineteenth century.
"Civil War profits compounded the capital of the industrialists
and placed them in a position to dominate the economic life of the
nation. Moreover, when the Southern planters were removed from the
national scene, the government in Washington became the exclusive
domain of the new industrial leaders." (3)
The Northern industrialists used this increased capital to build
the system of transcontinental railways, linking the Northeast with
both the South and West. The labor for this undertaking was from the
Northeastern Establishment's own source of cheap labor - recently
freed slaves and poor immigrants from Europe and China - who suffered
under living conditions which were often little better than those
which existed under the Slave System just a few years before.
It was during the years between the Civil War and the beginning
of the Twentieth Century that the Northern industrialists altered the
role of the American government. Originally established by the
Revolution to protect and preserve the lives, property and freedoms of
all Americans from repressive government, it was transformed into an
agency to protect the economic future of Northern industrialists.
"[T]he industrial elites," according to Dye and Zeigler, "saw no
objection to legislation if it furthered their success in business.
Unrestricted competition might prove who was the fittest, but as an
added precaution to insure that the industrial capitalists themselves
emerged as the fittest, these new elites also insisted upon government
subsidies, patents, tariffs, loans, and massive giveaways of land and
other natural resources." (4)
The struggle between Western farmers and the railroads owned by
the Northern industrialists is a good example. To protect their
interests, citizens created "the Grange," an organization which helped
to enact state laws regulating the "ruthless aggression" of the
railroads. In 1877, these laws were upheld by the Supreme Court in
the Munn v. Illinois decision. But, a few years later, Justice
Stephen A. Field changed the role, and the very definition, of the
corporation. He gave a new interpretation to the Fourteenth Amendment
that actually gave corporations legal status as citizens . . . as
artificial persons. (5)
It was not long after this change in the interpretation of the
Fourteenth Amendment that John D. Rockefeller, the father of the
modern-day corporation, created the great Standard Oil Corporation
which, by the late 1880s, gained control over 90% of all the oil
refineries in America. (6)
The roots of 20th Century American politics can best be
illustrated by the 1896 Presidential Election, won by Republican
William McKinley by a landslide. The McKinley campaign was directed
by Marcus Alonzo Hanna of Standard Oil and raised a $16,000,000
campaign fund from wealthy fellow industrialists, (an amount that was
unmatched in Presidential campaigns until the 1960s). The major theme
of the campaign, and one that would echo far into the future, was
"what's good for business is good for the country." (7)
This emerging political and judicial misuse of power in America
was feared by Thomas Jefferson who, in 1787, wrote, "I think our
governments will remain virtuous for many centuries; as long as they
remain chiefly agricultural; and this will be as long as there shall
be vacant lands in any part of America. When they get piled upon one
another in large cities as in Europe they will become corrupt as in
Europe." (8)
It is important to remember that the American Revolution was a
clash between the agriculturists in the colonies, and the British
industrialists who controlled the government in England. Almost 100
years later the Civil War was fought as a continuation of the same
basic struggle, but with the victory going back to the industrialists.
This began the erosion of the American government "of the people, for
the people and by the people." The buying of the 1896 Presidential
Election, by Hanna of Standard Oil and the Northern industrial
interests, was the next important step on the long road to the
American government "of the corporation, for the corporation and by
the corporation."
A few years later, World War I would forge an even closer
relationship between corporations and government in the United States,
as well as around the world. Anthony Sampson, in his book "The Arms
Bazaar," notes that "the American companies, led by US Steel and du
Pont, were transformed by war orders. US Steel, which had absorbed
Carnegie's old steel company, had made average annual profits in the
four pre-war years of $105 million, while in the four war years they
were $240 million; and du Pont's average profit went up from $6
million to $58 million. . . .
"Certainly the arms companies had become much richer through the
war, and there were widespread suspicions that they were actually
trying to prolong it." (9)
The bottom line is, of course, victory or profit, and in what
proportions? To what lengths would this nation's top industrial
leaders go to secure their share of the profits before and during the
next "war to end all war?"
--------------------
NOTES: INTRODUCTION
--------------------
1 - American Political Tradition, Hofstadter, p. 109. (As
reprinted in The Irony of Democracy, Thomas R. Dye and L.
Harmon Zeigler, p. 72)
2 - American Political Tradition, p. 113. (As reprinted in The
Irony of Democracy, p. 72)
3 - Irony of Democracy, p. 73
4 - Ibid., p. 74
5 - Ibid., p. 75
6 - Ibid., p. 76
7 - Ibid., p. 82
8 - Ibid., p. 62
9 - The Arms Bazaar, Anthony Sampson, p. 65
-------------------------------
U.S. CORPORATIONS AND THE NAZIS
-------------------------------
"A clique of U.S. industrialists is hell-bent to bring a fascist
state to supplant our democratic government and is working closely
with the fascist regime in Germany and Italy. I have had plenty of
opportunity in my post in Berlin to witness how close some of our
American ruling families are to the Nazi regime. . . .
"Certain American industrialists had a great deal to do with
bringing fascist regimes into being in both Germany and Italy. They
extended aid to help Fascism occupy the seat of power, and they are
helping to keep it there."
-- William E. Dodd, U.S. Ambassador to Germany, 1937. (1)
A large volume of documentary evidence exists that reveals that
many of the richest, most powerful men in the United States, and the
giant corporations they controlled, were secretly allied with the
Nazis, both before and during World War II, even after war was
declared between Germany and America. This alliance began with U.S.
corporate investment during the reconstruction of post-World War I
Germany in the 1920s and, years later, included financial, industrial
and military aid to the Nazis.
On the pages which follow we will review which prominent
Americans and corporations were involved, what aid and comfort they
gave our nation's enemies - treasonable offenses during time of war,
and investigations into these matters which produced evidence of a
US/Nazi corporate conspiracy to bring a fascist state to America, and
eliminate competition in the industrial raw materials market in order
to force world-wide dependance on oil-based petrochemicals.
WILLIAM RANDOLPH HEARST
Hearst, who was so concerned about the American public's health
and safety on the matter of marijuana use, apparently had no such
fears when it came to Hitler and the Nazis. According to journalist
George Seldes:
". . . Hitler had the support of the most widely circulated
magazine in history, 'Readers Digest,' as well as nineteen big-city
newspapers and one of the three great American news agencies, the
$220-million Hearst press empire.
". . . William Randolph Hearst, Sr., . . . was the lord of all
the press lords in the United States. The millions who read the
Hearst newspapers and magazines and saw Hearst newsreels in the
nation's moviehouses had their minds poisoned by Hitler propaganda.
"It was . . . disclosed first to President Roosevelt [by
Ambassador Dodd] almost on the day it happened, in September 1934, and
it is detailed in the book 'Ambassador Dodd's Diary,' published in
1941, and again in libel-proof documents on file in the courts of the
state of New York. William E. Dodd, professor of history [at the
University of Chicago], told me about the Hearst sell-out . . .
"According to Ambassador Dodd, Hearst came to take the waters at
Bad Nauheim in September 1934, and Dodd somehow learned immediately
that Hitler had sent two of his most trusted Nazi propagandists,
Hanfstangel and Rosenberg, to ask Hearst how Nazism could present a
better image in the United States. When Hearst went to Berlin later
in the month, he was taken to see Hitler."
Seldes reports that a $400,000 a year deal was struck between
Hearst and Hitler, and signed by Doctor Joseph Goebbels, the Nazi
propaganda minister. "Hearst," continues Seldes, "completely changed
the editorial policy of his nineteen daily newspapers the same month
he got the money."
In the court documents filed on behalf of Dan Gillmor, publisher
of a magazine named "Friday," in response to a lawsuit by Hearst,
under item 61, he states: "Promptly after this said visit with Adolf
Hitler and the making of said arrangements. . . said plaintiff,
William Randolph Hearst, instructed all Hearst press correspondents in
Germany, including those of INS [Hearst's International News Service]
to report happenings in Germany only in a friendly' manner. All of
such correspondents reporting happenings in Germany accurately and
without friendliness, sympathy and bias for the actions of the then
German government, were transferred elsewhere, discharged, or forced
to resign. . . ."
In the late 1930s, Seldes recounts, when "several sedition
indictments [were brought by] the Department of Justice . . . against
a score or two of Americans, the defendants included an unusually
large minority of newspaper men and women, most of them Hearst
employees." (2)
ANDREW MELLON
"Thurman Arnold, as assistant district attorney of the United
States, his assistant, Norman Littell, and several Congressional
investigations, have produced incontrovertible evidence that some of
our biggest monopolies entered into secret agreements with the Nazi
cartels and divided the world up among them," states Seldes in his
book, "Facts and Fascism," published in 1943. "Most notorious of all
was Alcoa, the Mellon-Davis-Duke monopoly which is largely responsible
for the fact America did not have the aluminum with which to build
airplanes before and after Pearl Harbor, while Germany had an
unlimited supply." (3)
Alcoa sabotage of American war production had already cost the
U.S. "10,000 fighters or 1,665 bombers," according to Congressman
Pierce of Oregon speaking in May 1941, because of "the effort to
protect Alcoa's monopolistic position. . ."
"If America loses this war," said Secretary of the Interior
[Harold] Ickes, June 26, 1941, "it can thank the Aluminum Corporation
of America."
"By its cartel agreement with I.G. Farben, controlled by Hitler,"
writes Seldes, "Alcoa sabotaged the aluminum program of the U.S. air
force. The Truman Committee [on National Defense, chaired by then-
Senator Harry S. Truman in 1942] heard testimony that Alcoa's
representative, A.H. Bunker, $1-a-year head of the aluminum section of
O.P.M., prevented work on our $600,000,000 aluminum expansion
program." (4)
DU PONT AND GENERAL MOTORS
General Motors is included here because, by 1929, the Du Pont
corporation had acquired controlling interest in, and had interlocking
directorships with, General Motors.
Irenee du Pont, "the most imposing and powerful member of the
clan," according to biographer and historian Charles Higham, "was
obsessed with Hitler's principles.
"He keenly followed the career of the future Fuhrer in the 1920s,
and on September 7, 1926, in a speech to the American Chemical Society,
he advocated a race of supermen, to be achieved by injecting special
drugs into them in boyhood to make their characters to order."
Higham's book on this subject, "Trading with the Enemy: An Expose of
the Nazi-American Money Plot 1933-1949," is highly recommended.
Du Pont's anti-Semitism "matched that of Hitler" and, in 1933,
the Du Ponts "began financing native fascist groups in America . . ."
one of which Higham identifies as the American Liberty League: "a Nazi
organization whipping up hatred of blacks and Jews," and the "love of
Hitler.
"Financed . . . to the tune of $500,000 the first year, the
Liberty League had a lavish thirty-one-room office in New York,
branches in twenty-six colleges, and fifteen subsidiary organizations
nationwide that distributed fifty million copies of its Nazi
pamphlets. . . .
"The Du Ponts' fascistic behavior was seen in 1936, when Irenee
du Pont used General Motors money to finance the notorious Black
Legion. This terrorist organization had as its purpose the prevention
of automobile workers from unionizing. The members wore hoods and
black robes, with skulls and crossbones. They fire-bombed union
meetings, murdered union organizers, often by beating them to death,
and dedicated their lives to destroying Jews and communists. They
linked to the Ku Klux Klan. . . . It was brought out that at least
fifty people, many of them blacks, had been butchered by the Legion."
(5)
Du Pont support of Hitler extended into the very heart of the
Nazi war machine as well, according to Higham, and several other
researchers: "General Motors, under the control of the Du Pont family
of Delaware, played a part in collaboration" with the Nazis.
"Between 1932 and 1939, bosses of General Motors poured $30
million into I.G. Farben plants . . ." Further, Higham informs us
that by "the mid-1930s, General Motors was committed to full-scale
production of trucks, armored cars, and tanks in Nazi Germany." (6)
Researchers Morton Mintz and Jerry S. Cohen, in their book,
"Power Inc.," describe the Du Pont-GM-Nazi relationship in these
terms:
". . . In 1929, [Du Pont-controlled] GM acquired the largest
automobile company in Germany, Adam Opel, A.G. This predestined the
subsidiary to become important to the Nazi war effort. In a heavily
documented study presented to the Senate Subcommittee on Antitrust and
Monopoly in February 1974, Bradford C. Snell, an assistant
subcommittee counsel, wrote:
"'GM's participation in Germany's preparation for war began in
1935. That year its Opel subsidiary cooperated with the Reich in
locating a new heavy truck facility at Brandenburg, which military
officials advised would be less vulnerable to enemy air attacks.
During the succeeding years, GM supplied the Wehrmact with Opel
"Blitz" trucks from the Brandenburg complex. For these and other
contributions to [the Nazis] wartime preparations, GM's chief
executive for overseas operations [James Mooney] was awarded the Order
of the German Eagle (first class) by Adolf Hitler.'"
Du Pont-GM Nazi collaboration, according to Snell, included the
participation of Standard Oil of New Jersey [now Exxon] in one, very
important arrangement. GM and Standard Oil of New Jersey formed a
joint subsidiary with the giant Nazi chemical cartel, I.G. Farben,
named Ethyl G.m.b.H. [now Ethyl, Inc.] which, according to Snell:
"provided the mechanized German armies with synthetic tetraethyl fuel
[leaded gas]. During 1936-39, at the urgent request of Nazi officials
who realized that Germany's scarce petroleum reserves would not
satisfy war demands, GM and Exxon joined with German chemical
interests in the erection of the lead-tetraethyl plants. According to
captured German records, these facilities contributed substantially to
the German war effort: 'The fact that since the beginning of the war
we could produce lead-tetraethyl is entirely due to the circumstances
that, shortly before, the Americans [Du Pont, GM and Standard Oil] had
presented us with the production plants complete with experimental
knowledge. Without lead-tetraethyl the present method of warfare
would be unthinkable.'" (7)
At about the same time the Du Ponts were serving the Nazi cause
in Germany, they were involved in a Fascist plot to overthrow the
United States government.
"Along with friends of the Morgan Bank and General Motors," in
early 1934, writes Higham, "certain Du Pont backers financed a coup
d'etat that would overthrow the President with the aid of a $3
million-funded army of terrorists . . ." The object was to force
Roosevelt "to take orders from businessmen as part of a fascist
government or face the alternative of imprisonment and
execution . . . "
Higham reports that "Du Pont men allegedly held an urgent series
of meetings with the Morgans," to choose who would lead this "bizarre
conspiracy." "They finally settled on one of the most popular
soldiers in America, General Smedly Butler of Pennsylvania." Butler
was approached by "fascist attorney" Gerald MacGuire (an official of
the American Legion), who attempted to recruit Butler into the role of
an American Hitler.
"Butler was horrified," but played along with MacGuire until, a
short time later, he notified the White House of the plot. Roosevelt
considered having "the leaders of the houses of Morgan and Du Pont"
arrested, but feared that "it would create an unthinkable national
crisis in the midst of a depression and perhaps another Wall Street
crash." Roosevelt decided the best way to defuse the plot was to
expose it, and leaked the story to the press.
"The newspapers ran the story of the attempted coup on the front
page, but generally ridiculed it as absurd and preposterous." But an
investigation by the Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities
- 74th Congress, first session, House of Representatives,
Investigation of Nazi and other propaganda - was begun later that same
year.
"It was four years," continues Higham, "before the committee dared
to publish its report in a white paper that was marked for 'restricted
circulation.' They were forced to admit that 'certain persons made an
attempt to establish a fascist organization in this country . . .
[The] committee was able to verify all the pertinent statements made
by General Butler.' This admission that the entire plan was deadly in
intent was not accompanied by the imprisonment of anybody. Further
investigations disclosed that over a million people had been
guaranteed to join the scheme and that the arms and munitions
necessary would have been supplied by Remington, a Du Pont
subsidiary." (8)
The names of important individuals and groups involved in the
conspiracy were suppressed by the committee, but later revealed by
Seldes, Philadelphia Record reporter Paul French, and Jules Archer,
author of the book, "The Plot to Seize the White House." Included
were John W. Davis (attorney for the J.P. Morgan banking group),
Robert Sterling Clark (Wall Street broker and heir to the Singer
sewing machine fortune), William Doyle (American Legion official), and
the American Liberty League (backed by executives from J.P. Morgan and
Co., Rockefeller interests, E.F. Hutton, and Du Pont-controlled
General Motors). (9)
THE US/NAZI CARTEL AGREEMENT
"On November 23, 1937," states Higham, "representatives of
General Motors held a secret meeting in Boston with Baron Manfred von
Killinger, who was . . . in charge of West Coast espionage [for the
Nazis], and Baron von Tipplekirsch, Nazi consul general and Gestapo
leader in Boston. This group signed a joint agreement showing total
commitment to the Nazi cause for the indefinite future. . . ." (10)
Seldes describes the plotters as "the great owners and rulers of
America who planned world domination through political and military
Fascism" including "several leading American industrialists, members
of the Congress of the United States, and representatives of large
business and political organizations . . ."
He obtained the text of the agreement, and published it in his
newsletter, "In Fact," on July 13, 1942. The plan "goes much further
than the mere cartel conspiracies of Big Business of both countries,"
writes Seldes, "because it has political clauses and points to a
bigger conspiracy of money and politicians such as helped betray
Norway and France and other lands to the Nazi machine. The most
powerful fortress in America is the production monopolies, but its
betrayal would involve, as it did in France, the participation of some
of the most powerful figures of the political as well as the
industrial world." (11)
"Shadow of the Swastika" - Page Two
------------------------------------------------------------------------
STANDARD OIL OF NEW JERSEY (Now Exxon)
"On February 27, 1942," according to Higham, "Arnold, with
documents stuffed under his arms, . . . strode into the lion's den of
Standard at 30 Rockefeller Plaza. Just behind him were Secretary of
the Navy Franklin Knox and Secretary of the Army Henry L. Stimson."
They confronted Standard official William Farish and "Arnold sharply
laid down his charges" that "by continuing to favor Hitler in rubber
deal and patent arrangements," Standard Oil "had acted against the
interests of the American government . . . suggested a fine of $1.5
million and a consent decree whereby Standard would turn over for the
duration all the patents" in question.
"Farish rejected the proposal on the spot. He pointed out that
Standard" was also selling the U.S. a "high percentage" of the fuel
being used by the Army, Navy, and Air Force "making it possible for
America to win the war. Where would America be without it?"
Blackmail? Yes, says Higham. And effective. Arnold was finally
reduced to asking the oil company official "to what Standard Oil would
agree. After all, there had to be at least token punishment. . . .
Arnold, Stimson, and Knox soon realized they had no power to compare
with that of Standard."
The price Standard Oil "agreed" to pay for its crime? A modest
fine of a few thousand dollars divided up among ten defendants.
"Farish paid $1,000, or a quarter of one week's salary, for having
betrayed America."
In New Jersey, charges of "criminal conspiracy with the enemy"
were filed against Standard, then "dropped in return for Standard
releasing its patents and paying the modest fine." But Arnold, and
his ally, Secretary of the Interior Harold Ickes, weren't finished
with Standard Oil just yet. They approached Senator Truman, chairman
of the Senate Special Committee Investigating the National Defense
Program. "With great enthusiasm Give 'em Hell Harry embarked on a
series of hearings in March 1942, in order to disclose the truth about
Standard."
Between the 26th and the 28th of March, 1942, Arnold "produced
documents showing that Standard and Farben in Germany had literally
carved up the world markets, with oil and chemical monopolies all over
the map," according to Higham. (12)
Mintz and Cohen describe the confrontation:
"Four months after the United States entered World War II, the
Justice Department obtained an indictment of Exxon and its principal
officers for having made arrangements, starting in the late 1920s with
I.G. Farben involving patent sharing and division of world markets.
Jersey Standard agreed not to develop processes for the manufacture of
synthetic rubber; in exchange, Farben agreed not to compete in the
American petroleum market. After war broke out in Europe, but before
the attack on Pearl Harbor, executives of Standard Oil and Farben, at
a meeting in Holland, established a 'modus vivendi' for continuing the
arrangements in event of war between the United States and Germany -
although the arrangements interfered with the ability of the United
States to make synthetic rubber desperately needed after it entered
the war in December 1941. Rather than face a criminal trial, Exxon
and the indicted executives entered no-contest pleas - the legal
equivalent of guilty pleas - and were fined the minor sums which were
the maximum amounts permitted by law. A few days later, on March 26,
1942, the Senate Special Committee Investigating the National Defense
Program held a hearing at which Thurman Arnold, chief of the Antitrust
Division, put into the record documents on which the [criminal]
indictment had been based, including a memo from a Standard Oil
official on the 'modus vivendi' agreed to in Holland. After the
hearing, the committee chairman, Harry S. Truman, characterized the
arrangements as treasonable." (13)
Another source book on this subject of US / Nazi corporate
activities is "The Secret War Against the Jews," by Mark Aarons and
John Loftus. Here is their version of the events:
"Before the war Standard of New Jersey had forged a synthetic oil
and rubber cartel with the Nazi-controlled I.G. Farben," which "worked
well until the United States joined the war in 1941. . . . Next to
the Rockefellers, I.G. Farben owned the largest share of stock in
Standard Oil of New Jersey. Among other things, Standard had provided
Farben with its synthetic rubber patents and technical knowledge,
while Farben had kept its patents to itself, under strict instructions
from the Nazi government."
Evidence which Thurman Arnold turned over to the Truman Committee,
which Truman would declare "treasonous," included "Standard's 1939
letter renewing its agreement, which made it clear that the
Rockefellers' company was prepared to work with the Nazis whether
their own government was at war with the Third Reich or not.
Truman's Senate Committee on the National Defense was outraged and
began to probe into the whole scandalous arrangement, much to the
discomfort of John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Suddenly, however, the whole
matter was dropped.
"There was a reason for Rockefeller's escape: blackmail.
According to the former intelligence officers we interviewed on this
point, the blackmail was simple and powerful: The Dulles brothers
[John Foster, later Secretary of State, and Allen, later director of
the CIA] had one of their clients threaten to interrupt the U.S. oil
supply during wartime."
When confronted by Arnold on the Standard - Farben arrangement
"Standard executives made it clear that the entire U.S. war effort was
fueled by their oil and it could be stopped. . . . The American
government had no choice but to go along if it wanted to win the war."
(14)
July 13, 1944, Ralph W. Gallagher, attorney for Standard Oil,
filed a lawsuit against the U.S. government's seizure of the contested
patents. "On November 7, 1945, Judge Charles E. Wyzanski gave his
verdict," according to Higham. "He decided that the government had
been entitled to seize the patents. Gallagher appealed. On September
22, 1947, Judge Charles Clark delivered the final word on the subject.
He said, 'Standard Oil can be considered an enemy national in view of
its relationships with I.G. Farben after the United States and Germany
had become active enemies.' The appeal was denied." (15)
One aspect of this Standard - I.G. Farben relationship, revealed
in testimony during the Patents Committee hearings, chaired by Senator
Homer T. Bone in May 1942, is of interest to those who seek direct
evidence of a conspiracy by big oil companies to suppress development
of synthetic substitutes to petrochemical products such as industrial
chemicals, aircraft lubricants and fuel, all of which can be made from
hemp:
"On May 6th, John R. Jacobs, Jr., of the Attorney General's
department, testified that Standard had interfered with the American
explosives industry by blocking the use of a method of producing
synthetic ammonia. As a result of its deals with Farben, the United
States had been unable to get the use of this vital process even after
Pearl Harbor. Also, the United States had been restricted in
techniques of producing hydrogen from natural gas and from obtaining
paraflow, a product used for airplane lubrication at high
altitudes. . . ."
On August 7th, "Texas oil operator C.R. Starnes appeared to
testify that Standard had blocked him at every turn in his efforts to
produce synthetic rubber after Pearl Harbor. . . ."
On August 12th, "John R. Jacobs reappeared in an Army private's
uniform (he had been inducted the day before) to bring up another
disagreeable matter: Standard had also, in league with Farben,
restricted production of methanol, a wood alcohol that was sometimes
used as motor fuel." (16)
The restriction against methanol production apparently did not
apply to the Nazis, however. "As late as April 1943," Higham reveals,
"General Motors in Stockholm [Sweden] was reported as trading with the
enemy. . . . Further documents show that, as with Ford, repairs on
German army trucks and conversion from gasoline to wood-gasoline
production were being handled by GM in Switzerland." (17)
The use of hemp as a source of methanol was known to the Nazis,
revealed in the pamphlet "The Humorous Hemp Primer," published in
Berlin, also in 1943. This document, recently re-published in the
1995 edition of "Hemp and the Marijuana Conspiracy: The Emperor Wears
No Clothes," by veteran hemp conspiracy researcher Jack Herer, states
that:
"Crops should not only provide food in large quantities, they can
provide raw materials for industry. . . . Among such raw materials of
especially high value is hemp . . .
"The woody part of this large plant is not to be thrown out,
since it can easily be used for surface coatings for the finest floors.
It also provides paper and cardboard, building materials and wall
paneling. Further processing will even produce wood sugar and wood
gas. . . .
"Anyone who grows hemp today need not fear a lack of a market,
because hemp, as useful as it is, will be purchased in unlimited
amounts." (18)
The Nazis obviously considered hemp a vital war material that
could be used to produce methanol, or "wood gas," at the same time, in
1943, that Du Pont-controlled General Motors in Switzerland was
"converting from gasoline to wood-gasoline production." This, taken
into consideration along with the earlier statement that Standard Oil-
I.G. Farben had "restricted production of methanol" and the GM-
Standard Oil-I.G. Farben joint venture, Ethyl, Inc., whose
profitability depended on the production of lead-tetraethyl for oil-
-based petrochemical gasoline - in direct competition with the
alternative methanol, or "wood gas," certainly opens new avenues of
investigation into the existence of a conspiracy against hemp as an
alternative, and competing, industrial raw material, by these very
same corporations which sold America out to the Nazis for profit and
control of world resources and markets.
"Just after Pearl Harbor," writes Seldes, "the Assistant Attorney
General, Mr. Thurman Arnold, issued a sensational report of the
sabotage of the national [war production] program, the first report
naming the practices which were later to be referred to as the treason
of big business in wartime. Said Mr. Arnold:
"Looking back over 10 months of defense effort we can now see
how much it has been hampered by the attitude of powerful basic
industries who have feared to expand their production because
expansion would endanger their future control of industry.
"'Anti-trust investigations during the past year have shown that
there is not an organized basic industry in the United States which
has not been restricting production by some device or other in order
to avoid what they call "ruinous overproduction after the war."' (19)
By "ruinous overproduction," of course, they meant free-market
competition. So, to question the existence of an industrial
conspiracy against competition, during the 1930s and 1940s, is
pointless. It has long been totally documented by volumes of evidence,
available in the public record. And among this list of convicted
corporate conspirators are murderers, racists, pro-Nazi collaborators,
blackmailers and American Fascists who plotted at least one armed
take-over of the U.S. government. And the list is not yet complete.
THE FORD MOTOR COMPANY
Henry Ford, writes Higham, "admired Hitler from the beginning,
when the future Fuhrer was a struggling and obscure fanatic. He
shared with Hitler a fanatical hatred of Jews."
"Ford's book 'The International Jew' was issued in 1927. A
virulent anti-Semitic tract, it was still being distributed in Latin
America and the Arab countries as late as 1945. Hitler admired the
book and it influenced him deeply. Visitors to Hitler's headquarters
at the Brown House in Munich noticed a large photograph of Henry Ford
hanging in his office. Stacked high on the table outside were copies
of Ford's book. As early as 1923," when Hitler heard that Ford was
planning to run for President, he "told an interviewer from the
'Chicago-Tribune,' 'I wish that I could send some of my shock troops
to Chicago and other big American cities to help.'"
As late as 1940, Ford Motor Company "refused to build aircraft
engines for England and instead built supplies of the 5-ton military
trucks that were the backbone of German army transportation." (20)
The Ford Motor Company was also aware of the potential of hemp as
an alternative industrial resource, devoting many years research to
the subject.
In a 1989 ABC Radio broadcast, Hugh Downs reported that in the
1930s, "the Ford Motor Company also saw a future in biomass fuels.
Ford operated a successful biomass conversion plant that included hemp
at their Iron Mountain facility in Michigan. Ford engineers extracted
methanol, charcoal fuel, tar, pitch, ethyl acetate, and creosote - all
fundamental ingredients for modern industry, and now supplied by oil-
related industries. . . . Henry Ford's experiments with methanol
promised cheap, readily-available fuel." (21)
As reported in "Popular Mechanics" in December, 1941, Ford's
research represented "an industrial revolution in progress . . . a
revolution in materials that will affect every home." (22)
So, it is possible, even likely, that Ford and General Motors
conversion "from gasoline to wood-gasoline production" for Nazi
Germany, as earlier reported by Higham, involved at least some
consideration of hemp as a resource, if not actual production of
"wood-gas" from hemp. After all, Ford had already committed several
years and significant research dollars to the subject.
The implication of methanol fuel patents, hemp industry research
and production facilities, all in the hands of this cabal of Nazi-
allied American corporations, during a proven period of anti-
competition conspiracies, and wartime blackmail against the U.S.
government, should provide additional support for the hemp conspiracy
theories. The fact is that Nazi Germany recognized hemp as a vital
war material - one which, just before America's entrance into World
War II, was positioned to compete in the free-market against the
products controlled by the Pro-Nazi American corporations.
Unrestricted expansion of United States industrial hemp production
threatened not only the profits of these treasonous corporations, but
the degree of their control over America's production of vital war
materials.
This view of hemp, not as a "dangerous drug" but as a vital war
material, was acknowledged by the Kentucky Legislature a little over
100 years before the Japanese sneak attack on Pearl Harbor. In 1841,
according to Professor James F. Hopkins, author of "A History of the
Hemp Industry in Kentucky," published by the University of Kentucky
Press in 1951:
"When the farmers of Woodford County [KY] assembled in October, 1841,
to consider a program of hemp production for the navy, they only went
as far as to express an opinion that the government should employ a
rope spinner in Kentucky for the purpose of converting the fiber into
yarns, which could be transported much more cheaply and safely than
the bulky raw material. The Committee on Agriculture of the Kentucky
House of Representatives inquired into the matter early in 1842 . . .
"Both houses of the General Assembly sent to the Senators and
Congressmen from Kentucky a request that they use their 'best
exertions' to have established in the state one or more agencies for
the inspection and manufacture of hemp for the navy. A select
committee of Congress, appointed to consider the resolutions from
Kentucky, reported three resolutions of its own: that the navy be
directed to construct a factory at Louisville 'for the purpose of
depositing and manufacturing . . . such hempen fabrics of domestic
water-rotted hemp as the public service may require'; that inspectors
be appointed to test the fiber that might be offered for sale; and
that, after due notice to the public, purchase of the necessary amount
of fiber be made at the factory. The Committee contended that its
plan would build up during peacetime a source of hemp which would be
vitally important in case of war, encourage American agriculture and
manufactures, and decrease the unfavorable balance of trade." (23)
[NOTE: For many years we Kentuckians have had a good deal of our
heritage and history buried beneath a thick layer of propaganda from a
source of power and control in this country which knows neither honor
nor justice. Now, we are learning the truth. Our history as a state
built upon the foundation of a long- and dishonestly-outlawed industry
endures.]
INTERNATIONAL TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH
Even after Pearl Harbor, ITT was working for the Nazis, reports
Higham: ". . . the German army, navy, and air force contracted with
ITT for the manufacture of switchboards, telephones, alarm gongs,
buoys, air raid warning devices, radar equipment, and thirty thousand
fuses per month for artillery shells used to kill British and American
troops."
ITT also "supplied ingredients for the rocket bombs that fell on
London," and other devices as well, without which "it would have been
impossible for the German air force to kill American and British
troops, for the German army to fight the Allies in Africa, Italy,
France, and Germany, for England to have been bombed, or for Allied
ships to have been attacked at sea." (24)
In 1938, "following a series of meetings with Luftwaffe chief
Herman Goring, [ITT founder and chairman Sosthenes] Behn encouraged
ITT's Lorenz subsidiary to purchase 28 percent of the Focke-Wulf firm,
manufacturer of the bombers that were to sink so many Allied ships
during the war," according to researcher and author Jim Hougan. (25)
Anthony Sampson, in "The Sovereign State of ITT," reports on what
is perhaps the most bizarre aspect of the US/Nazi corporate
partnership, war reparations:
". . . ITT now presents itself as the innocent victim of the
Second World War, and has been handsomely recompensed for its injuries.
In 1967, nearly thirty years after the events, ITT actually managed
to obtain $27 million in compensation from the American government,
for war damage to Focke-Wulf plants - on the basis that they were
American property bombed by Allied bombers." (26)
The Foreign Claims Settlement Commission was responsible for this
payment to ITT, and other U.S. corporations as well.
Bradford Snell reports that "After the cessation of hostilities,
GM and Ford demanded reparations from the U.S. Government for wartime
damages sustained by their Axis facilities as a result of Allied
bombing. By 1967 GM had collected more than $33 million in reparations
and Federal tax benefits for damages to its warplane and motor vehicle
properties in formerly Axis territories . . . Ford received a little
less than $1 million, primarily as a result of damages sustained by
its military truck complex at Cologne." (27)
ALLEN DULLES: ARCHITECT OF THE US-NAZI NETWORK
Contemporary history records Allen Dulles as one of America's top
spymasters, from his early days in the Office of Strategic Services
(OSS) in World War II, to his position as Director of the Central
Intelligence Agency (CIA) in the 1950s and early 1960s (until
President John F. Kennedy fired him over the Bay of Pigs disaster in
1961), and finally to his membership on the controversial Warren
Commission, which investigated President Kennedy's assassination.
Until recently, his pivotal role in promoting a U.S. corporate
relationship with the Nazis was little known. Loftus and Aarons
describe the post-World War I role of Allen, and his brother, John
Foster, in the following terms:
"We first turn to Dulles's creation of international finance
networks for the benefit of the Nazis. In the beginning, moving money
into the Third Reich was quite legal. Lawyers saw to that. And Allen
and his brother John Foster were not just any lawyers. They were
international finance specialists for the powerful Wall Street law
firm of Sullivan & Cromwell. . . .
"The Dulles brothers were the ones who convinced American
businessmen to avoid U.S. government regulation by investing in
Germany. It began with the Versailles Treaty, in which they played no
small role. After World War I the defeated German government promised
to pay war reparations to the Allies in gold, but Germany had no gold.
It had to borrow the gold from Sullivan & Cromwell's clients in the
United States. Nearly 70 percent of the money that flowed into
Germany during the 1930s came from investors in the United States,
many of them Sullivan & Cromwell clients. . .
"Foster Dulles, as a member of the board of I.G. Farben, seems to
have had little difficulty in getting along with whoever was in charge.
Some of our sources insist that both Dulles brothers made substantial
but indirect contributions to the Nazi party as the price of
continued influence inside the new German order. . . ." (28)
--------------------------------------
NOTES: U.S. CORPORATIONS AND THE NAZIS
--------------------------------------
1 - Facts and Fascism, George Seldes, p. 122
Trading with the Enemy, Charles Higham, p. 167
2 - Even the Gods Can't Change History, Seldes, pp. 140-144
3 - Facts and Fascism, p. 68
4 - Ibid., p. 262
5 - Trading with the Enemy, pp. 162-165
6 - Ibid., p. 166
7 - Power, Inc., Morton and Mintz, pp. 497-499
8 - Trading with the Enemy, pp. 163-165
9 - The Plot to Seize the White House, Jules Archer, Hawthorn
Books, 1973 (Quoted from It's A Conspiracy, National
Insecurity Council, EarthWorks Press, 1992, pp. 179-184)
10 - Trading with the Enemy, pp. 167-168
11 - Facts and Fascism, pp. 68-70
12 - Trading with the Enemy, pp. 45-46
13 - Power, Inc, pp. 499-500
14 - The Secret War Against The Jews, Aarons and Loftus,
pp. 44-65
15 - Trading with the Enemy, pp. 61-62
16 - Ibid., pp. 49-52
17 - Ibid., p. 176
18 - The Emperor Wears No Clothes, Jack Herer, pp. 127-130
19 - One Thousand Americans, Seldes, pp. 142-143
20 - Trading with the Enemy, pp. 154-156
21 - Ain't Nobody's Business If You Do, p. 734
22 - Popular Mechanics Magazine, Vol. 76, No. 6, Dec. 1941
(The Emperor Wears No Clothes, 1995 edition, p. 199)
23 - A History of the Hemp Industry in Kentucky, Professor
James F. Hopkins, University of Kentucky Press, 1951
24 - Trading with the Enemy, p. 99
25 - Spooks, Jim Hougan, pp. 423-424
26 - The Sovereign State of ITT, Anthony Sampson, p. 47
(Power, Inc., pp. 500-501)
27 - GM and the Nazis, by Bradford C. Snell, Ramparts
Magazine, June 1974, pp. 14-16 (Democracy for the Few,
Michael Parenti, pp. 91-92)
28 - The Secret War Against the Jews, pp. 55-60
------------------------
THE NEW WORLD (DIS)ORDER
------------------------
"The first truth is that the liberty of a democracy is not safe
if the people tolerate the growth of private power to a point where it
becomes stronger than their democratic state itself. That, in essence,
is fascism - ownership of government by an individual, by a group, or
by any other controlling power.
"Among us today a concentration of private power without equal in
history is growing."
-- President Franklin Delano Roosevelt (1)
As mentioned earlier, the secret U.S./Nazi corporate alliance
during World War II was the result of substantial American investment
in post-World War I Germany. In order to protect these investments,
and the accumulating profits, the U.S. multinational corporations
remained an important part of the Nazi war machine until the final
defeat of Germany in 1945. What effect did the end of World War II
have on this faction of American Nazi collaborators?
In this section we will review the evidence, much of it from
recently de-classified documents, that this pro-Nazi faction, rather
than facing charges of high treason, became an integral part of the
United States national security apparatus, extending its fascist
influence in both foreign and domestic policies and, in effect,
creating what has been referred to as America's "Invisible
Government." The excuse, of course, was Communism.
THE BUGGING OF WALL STREET
Aarons and Loftus' research, which documents the Dulles brothers'
pro-Nazi activities, did not go unnoticed. "Before his death, former
Supreme Court Justice Arthur Goldberg granted one of the authors an
interview. Justice Goldberg had served in U.S. intelligence during
World War II. Although he said little in public, he had collected
information on the Dulles boys' activities over the years. His verdict
was blunt. 'The Dulles brothers were traitors.' They had betrayed
their country, by giving aid and comfort to the enemy in time of war."
(2)
Much of what is now known about the activities of the Dulles
brothers and other American Nazi collaborators in banking and industry
came as a result of a top-secret joint U.S.-British intelligence
program known as the Ultra Project. "Prior to the United States'
entry into the war," write Loftus and Aarons, "Roosevelt permitted
British intelligence to wiretap American targets.
"According to our sources in the intelligence community, the area
of coverage included a good bit of the New York financial district,
several floors of Rockefeller Plaza, part of the RCA Building, two
prominent clubs, and various shipping firms. . . .
"The wiretap unit reported to Sir William Stephenson, a Canadian
electronics genius better known by his code name, 'Intrepid.' From
his headquarters in the Rockefeller building, Stephenson's job was to
identify U.S. companies that were aiding the Nazis." (3)
"Several months before the United States declared war," continue
Loftus and Aarons, "Bill Donovan invited Allen Dulles to head up the
New York branch of the Office of the Coordinator of Information (COI),
President Roosevelt's new intelligence agency and the precursor to the
Office of Strategic Services (OSS). Its primary mission was to
collect information against the Nazis and their collaborators. In
other words, Dulles was asked to inform on his own clients in New
York. . . ."
"Roosevelt had approved his selection as head of the COI
Manhattan branch because he wanted Dulles where the British
wiretappers could keep an eye on him. . . .
"One floor below Dulles was Stephenson's wiretap shop. Inside
Dulles's operation was one of Roosevelt's spies, Arthur Goldberg . . ."
who, "confirmed . . . that Dulles's appointment was a setup. . . .
"Roosevelt was giving Dulles enough rope to hang himself. From
Stephenson's Manhattan wiretaps, it is known that Dulles was
continuing to work with his German business clients, who wanted to
remove Hitler and install a puppet of their own who would make peace
with the West while forging an alliance against Stalin. It was to be
a kinder, gentler Third Reich, favorably disposed to American
financial interests. . . . (4)
"The wiretap evidence against Dulles originally was collected by
a special section of Operation Safehaven, the U.S. Treasury
Department's effort to trace the movement of stolen Nazi booty towards
the end of the war. Roosevelt and Treasury Secretary Henry Morganthau
had set up Dulles by giving him the one assignment - intelligence
chief in Switzerland - where he would be most tempted to aid his
German clients with their money laundering."
Roosevelt had one thing in mind: "The sudden release of the
Safehaven intercepts would force a public outcry to bring treason
charges against those British and American businessmen who aided the
enemy in time of war." Among the targets were Allen Dulles, Henry
Ford, and other U.S. industrialists. (5)
The plan failed, however, due to Dulles being "tipped off . . .
that he was under surveillance" in time to cover his tracks. One
possible source of the leak was Vice President Henry Wallace, "who
constantly shared information with his brother-in-law, the Swiss
minister in Washington during the war."
"Wallace," the authors reveal, "gave many details of his secret
meetings with Roosevelt to the Swiss diplomat." The problem was that,
at the time, the Nazis "had recruited the head of the Swiss secret
service."
It is, perhaps, no coincidence that Roosevelt dropped Wallace
during the 1944 election, choosing instead Senator Harry S. Truman as
his new running mate. (6)
THE ENEMY OF MY ENEMY
"After the Nazis' 1943 defeat at Stalingrad," write Loftus and
Aarons, "various Nazi businessmen realized they were on the losing
side and made plans to evacuate their wealth. The Peron government in
Argentina was receiving the Nazi flight capital with open arms, and
Dulles helped it hide the money. . . .
"The Guinness Book of Records lists the missing Reichsbank
treasure [estimated at $2.5 billion dollars] as the greatest unsolved
bank robbery in history. Where did it go? . . . .
"According to our source, the bulk of the treasure was simply
shipped a very short distance across Austria and through the Brenner
Pass into Italy. Dulles's contacts were waiting at the Vatican. The
German-Vatican connection was how Allen Dulles and the Nazi
industrialists planned to get away with it. . . ." (7)
The effort was successful, according to the authors, who state
that the "vast bulk of the wealth of the Nazi empire" which
"disappeared before the end of World War II" reappeared "within a
decade in the hands of the same men who financed Hitler's war against
the Jews. Allen Dulles's clients were not defeated, only
inconvenienced." The authors identify two of Dulles's accomplices as
James Jesus Angleton and his father, Hugh Angleton. The Angletons
were members of X-2, the OSS counterintelligence branch in Italy, in
1943.
Like Dulles, Hugh Angleton was financially involved with Axis
powers. He was the European representative for National Cash Register
in Italy before the war and business associate of Dulles. When World
War II broke out, the authors write, ". . . Angleton was crushed
financially as all his investments were in enemy hands."
"Like Dulles's clients, he wanted his money back. Like Dulles,
Hugh offered his services to the OSS." With high-placed contacts in
Mussolini's Interior Ministry, Hugh was accepted and "promoted rapidly
in U.S. intelligence. He became second in command to Colonel Clifton
Carter, the OSS commander in Italy at the end of World War II." (8)
Perhaps the most controversial information which is now emerging
with the release of recently declassified documents concerning World
War II, is the role of the Vatican, both in its pre-war German
investments, and its role in helping Nazi war criminals escape justice
after the war. Concerning the Vatican-German investments, Loftus and
Aarons are quite clear:
"That the Vatican encouraged such investments and even donated
money to Hitler himself cannot be denied. A German nun, Sister
Pascalina, was present at its creation. In the early 1920s she was
the housekeeper for Archbishop of the Vatican-Nazi connection . . .
Eugenio Pacelli, then the papal nuncio in Munich. Sister Pascalina
vividly recalls receiving Adolf Hitler late one night and watching the
archbishop give Hitler a large amount of Church money."
In addition, Eugenio Pacelli "later convinced the Vatican to
invest millions of dollars in the rising German economy, money from
the Vatican's land settlement that ended the Pope's claim of
sovereignty over territory outside the walls of Vatican City. It was
Pacelli who negotiated the Concordat with Germany and then had to deal
with the consequences of his own mistakes when he became pope on the
eve of World War II."
"The Vatican and the Dulles brothers had the same problem. Once
their money was in Hitler's hands, how would they get it back?"
The authors interviewed "a former colonel in U.S. Military
Intelligence who specialized in tracing enemy assets. He claimed that
only a tiny portion of the Reichbank's gold ingots actually reached
the Vatican Bank, while the rest was held in cooperative banks in
Belgium, Liechtenstein, and especially Switzerland." It was only
necessary to transfer the paperwork on the gold, not the gold itself.
Since, by that time, Dulles knew his telegraph communications were
being monitored by the British wiretap operation in New York, he
instead used couriers to "ensure absolute secrecy in moving the
foreign currency and the ownership documents out of Switzerland . . .
special agents of the Vatican who had diplomatic immunity to move back
and forth across both Nazi and Allied lines. . . ." (9)
". . . . The Vatican's eminence grise for Balkan intelligence,
the Bosnian-Croat priest Krunoslav Draganovic, was involved in
transporting large quantities of Nazi booty, especially gold bullion,
from Austria to the safety of the Holy See with the help of the
Dulles-Angleton clique in Rome. Some of the booty was transported in
truck convoys run by British troops. Other shipments were carried in
U.S. Army jeeps provided to Father Draganovic so that he could conduct
pastoral visits' on behalf of the Vatican.
"Another ardent Nazi propagandist and agent, Slovenian bishop
Gregory Rozman, was sent to Bern with the help of Dulles's friends in
U.S. intelligence. Declassified U.S. intelligence files confirm that
Bishop Rozman was suspected of trying to arrange the transfer of huge
quantities of Nazi-controlled gold and Western currency that had been
discreetly secreted in Swiss banks during the war. For a few months
the Allies prevented Rozman from gaining access to this treasure, but
then the way was mysteriously cleared. In fact, the Dulles-Vatican
connection had fixed it, and before too long the bishop obtained the
loot for his Nazi friends, who were hiding in Argentina.
"Such instances turned out to be only the tip of the iceberg. It
has long been acknowledged that it was Allen Dulles who tipped off
General Patton about the buried German treasure that lay in the path
of the U.S. Third Army. Patton explicitly urged General Eisenhower to
conceal as much of the gold as possible, but his advice was refused.
"Our sources claim that Dulles and his colleagues exerted a great
deal of influence to ensure that Western investments in Nazi Germany
were not seized by the Allies as reparations for the Jews. After all,
much of 'Hitler's Gold' had originally belonged to the bankers in
London and New York. The . . . captured Nazi loot went
underground. . . .
"In the cause of anticommunism, and to retrieve its own
investments in Germany, the Vatican agreed to become part of Dulles's
smuggling window, through which the Nazis and their treasure could be
moved to safety." (10)
On April 12th, 1945, Roosevelt died, and Truman became President.
May 7th, Nazi Germany surrendered after the suicide of Adolf Hitler.
September 2nd, Japan surrendered.
World War II finally ended, but at the cost of more than
35,000,000 lives, over half that amount civilians. The death toll for
the United States was 294,000. (11)
A PLEDGE BETRAYED
"Dulles and some of his friends volunteered for postwar service
with the government not out of patriotism but of necessity," according
to Loftus and Aarons. "They had to be in positions of power to
suppress the evidence of their own dealings with the Nazis. The
Safehaven investigation was quickly stripped from Treasury . . . and
turned over to the State Department. There Dulles's friends shredded
the index to the interlocking corporations and blocked further
investigations.
"Dulles had this goal in mind: Not a single American businessman
was ever going to be convicted of treason for helping the Nazis. None
ever was, despite the evidence. According to one of our sources in
the intelligence community, the U.S. Army Counter Intelligence Corps
had two large 'Civilian Internment Centers' in Occupied Germany, code
named 'Ashcan' and 'Dustbin.' The CIC had identified and captured a
large number of U.S. citizens who had stayed in Germany and aided the
Third Reich all through World War II. The evidence of their treason
was overwhelming. The captured German records were horribly
incriminating.
"Yet Victor Wohreheide, the young Justice Department attorney
responsible for preparing the treason trials, suddenly ordered the
prisoners' release. All of the Nazi collaborators were allowed to
return to the United States and reclaim their citizenship. At the
same time, another Justice Department attorney, O. John Rogge, who
dared to make a speech about Nazi collaborators in the United States
was quickly fired. However, the attorney who buried the treason cases
was later promoted to special assistant attorney general.
"Dulles and his clients had won. The proof is in the bottom line.
Forty years after World War II, Fortune magazine published a list of
the hundred richest men in the world. There were no Jews on the list.
The great fortunes of the Rothschilds and Warburgs had been
diminished to insignificance by the Depression, the Nazis, and World
War II.
"Near the top of the list were several multibillionaires who had
been prominent members of Hitler's inner circle. A few even had
served time in Allied prisons as Nazi war criminals, but they were all
released quickly. The bottom line is that the Nazi businessmen
survived the war with their fortunes intact and rebuilt their
industrial empires to become the richest men in the world. Dulles's
clients got away with it. President Roosevelt's dream of putting the
Nazis' moneymen on trial died with him."
England also failed to see justice done, according to the
authors: "The British authorities in Germany ordered the U.S. Army to
release all of the VIP British Nazis and hand over the evidence
against them. Even before Roosevelt's death, Churchill had already
begun to withdraw from his commitment to prosecute Nazis." The
reason? "Too many British industries might be seized as Nazi fronts.
Too many upper-class collaborators might have to be prosecuted. The
Germans were defeated, and the Soviets were now the enemy.
"Funding for British war crimes investigations suddenly dried up.
Nazi bankers such as Herman Abs were released from prison to work as
economic advisers in the British zone of Germany. The history of
British 'efforts' to punish Nazis after the war is aptly summarized in
Tom Bower's book, 'The Pledge Betrayed'. . . ."
"The pattern was repeated all over the remnants of the Third
Reich. Despite direct orders from President Truman and General
Eisenhower, I.G. Farben, the citadel of the Nazi industrialists, was
never dismantled. Dulles's clients demanded, and received, Allied
compensation for bomb damage to their factories in Germany. Only a
few of the top Nazis were executed. Most of the rest were released
from prison within a few years. Others, . . . would go virtually
unpunished. No one ever investigated the Nazi sympathizers in Western
intelligence who had made it all possible." (12)
As we have seen, the American industrialists who did business
with the Nazis were in no way inconvenienced by war crimes trials, and
even received compensation for damages to their Nazi war plants. Some
Nazi industrialists were charged and convicted by the Nuremberg war
crimes trials but, in their book, "The American Establishment,"
authors Leonard and Mark Silk observe that in the late 1940s "the
United States and its leaders faced an agonizing moral problem in
coming to terms with those German industrialists who had willingly
done business with the Nazis and who were now just as willing to do
business with the Americans in the reconstruction of Germany. The
problem was dramatized when those German industrialists who had been
convicted of war crimes at Nuremberg were all released from Landsberg
prison in early 1951, their sentences commuted by the American High
Commissioner [of German Occupation], John J. McCloy.
". . . . Whatever the motivation," the authors continue, "the
blanket release of the convicted industrialists was taken within
Germany - and by them - as a sign that businessmen were not to be
seriously blamed for their involvement in matters for which others
were hanged or suffered long imprisonment." (13)
The motivation for the mass release of imprisoned Nazi war
criminals is described in the book, "The New Germany and the Old
Nazis," by T.H. Tetens, an expert in German affairs.
Tetens observes that in "1950, when Washington showed its
eagerness to create a new German army of 500,000 men, the SS [at that
time reorganized into a neo-Nazi front group called HIAG, which stands
for 'mutual
assistance,' a so-called veterans organization], together
with the old Wehrmacht officers, started an all-out campaign for the
immediate release of all war criminals. It was a superbly organized
blackmail action, enjoying wide support from the public, from all
parties, and carried toward success by Dr. Adenauer's astute
maneuverings.
"The Chancellor suggested an inconspicuous way to solve the
problem with 'parole,' 'sick leave,' and other roundabout methods.
The more the U.S. High Commission in Germany showed leniency, however,
the stronger the pressure became: either 'all so-called war criminals
are released or there will be no German army.' American diplomats
followed Dr. Adenauer's plan to feed the nationalistic monster
piecemeal. Every few days we quietly released one or two more from
prison - the Krupps, the I.G. Farben directors, and dozens of former
Wehrmacht Generals. On friendly advice from Washington, the British
and the French, extremely reluctant, had to follow suit. When the
supply dried up, there remained behind bars only the SS, the mass
murderers from Dachau, Belsen, and Buchenwald, and the toughs from the
Waffen SS who had massacred American, British, and Canadian prisoners
of war. This put High Commissioner John McCloy in a most embarrassing
position. . . ."
Tetens explains how Chancellor Adenauer helped High Commissioner
McCloy and the U.S. State Department avoid this embarrassment:
Adenauer "suggested the formation of a review board, with three German
members sitting in and having equal voice in making recommendations.
The whole procedure was to be shrouded in secrecy, and it was decided
that the names of those released should not be revealed to the public.
In this way the last few hundred 'poor devils,' those SS mass killers
and sadists, were quietly set free within two or three years." (14)
Christopher Simpson, in his extensively documented book on the
subject of U.S. recruitment of Nazis, "Blowback," goes into more
detail of the backgrounds of those released: "The beneficiaries of
this act included, for example, all of the convicted concentration
camp doctors; all of the top judges who had administered the Nazis'
'special courts'" and dozens of similar cases. In addition, "McCloy's
clemency decisions for the Landsberg inmates set in motion a much
broader process that eventually freed hundreds of other convicted Nazi
war criminals over the next five years. . . . By the winter of 1950-
1951 the most senior levels of the U.S. government had decided to
abrogate their wartime pledge to bring Nazi war criminals to
justice. . . . in the interests of preserving West German military
support for American leadership in the cold war. While nazism and
Hitler's inner circle continued to be publicly condemned throughout the
West, the actual investigation and prosecution of specific Nazi crimes
came to a standstill." (15)
One case merits special attention: Sepp Dietrich, "the organizer
of the Fuehrer's bodyguard. Dietrich carried out Hitler's personal
murder assignments" and, Tetens continues, "was in charge of the
liquidation of the Jewish population in the city of Kharkov. During
the Battle of the Bulge his troops committed the Malmedy massacre,
killing more than 600 military and civilian prisoners, among them 115
American G.I.s. He was sentenced to death, and the sentence was later
commuted to life imprisonment. In 1955 he was one of the last poor
devils' quietly released from prison and greeted by the Bonn
government with the homecoming pay of 6,000 marks." (16)
In a "New York Times" article published February 1, 1951, one
prominent American expressed support for the reduction of sentences
for those responsible for the mass murder of the 600 unarmed prisoners
of war at Malmedy, describing the decision as "extremely wise." The
American was Senator Joseph McCarthy, Republican from Wisconsin.
Tetens observes that, despite the wide-spread fear by "the French,
the British, and the smaller European countries" of a re-militarized
Germany, "the outbreak of the Korean War (June 1950) brought a total
change. The provisions which banned all military and veterans'
organizations lost all their meaning and were no longer enforced.
Western Germany was allowed by the Allies to set up its own General
Staff, camouflaged under the name Blank Office. Supported by Bonn and
tolerated by the United States, a nation-wide network was created to
reactivate the experienced officers and the man power of the old
Wehrmacht. The short period of 1950-51 must be marked as the time
when Hitler's old officers, SS leaders, and [Nazi] party functionaries
returned to power and influence." (17)
Tetens' comment that the Nazi's return to power in Germany was
"tolerated by the United States" was a historical understatement. By
the time Tetens' book was published in 1961, hundreds of convicted
Nazi war criminals had already been smuggled out of Germany to avoid
prosecution at the war crimes trials at Nuremberg, recruited by, and
on the payroll of several U.S. government agencies, including the Army
CIC, the OSS, and the Office of Policy Coordination within the State
Department.
Over the past fifty years, it is now documented, these
Americanized fugitive Nazi war criminals have been involved in, and in
many cases in charge of, many U.S. government covert operations --
international weapons smuggling, drug cartels, Central American death
squads, right wing anti-communist dictatorships, LSD mind control
experiments -- the Republican National Committee's Ethnic Heritage
Councils, and the Presidential campaigns of Richard Nixon, Ronald
Reagan, and George Bush.
THE GEHLEN ORGANIZATION
Probably the most influential Nazi to come to work for the United
States intelligence agencies during the Cold War was named Gehlen.
"Reinhard Gehlen," writes author Christopher Simpson, "Hitler's
most senior military intelligence officer on the eastern front, had
begun planning his surrender to the United States at least as early as
the fall of 1944." Of "several hundred" high-ranking Nazi officers
who switched sides at the end of World War II, Gehlen "proved to be
the most important of them all.
"In early March 1945 Gehlen and a small group of his most senior
officers carefully microfilmed the vast holdings on the USSR in
the . . . military intelligence section of the German army's general
staff. They packed the film in watertight steel drums and secretly
buried it in remote mountain meadows scattered through the Austrian
Alps. Then, on May 22, 1945, Gehlen and his top aides surrendered to
an American Counterintelligence Corps [CIC] team." (18)
According to Tetens: ". . . [Gehlen] immediately asked for an
interview with the commanding officer . . ." and offered the United
States "his intelligence staff, spy apparatus, and the priceless files
for future service."
Gehlen was sent to Washington and his offer was taken. "The
Pentagon-Gehlen agreement," states Tetens, "in practice guaranteed the
continuation of the all-important Abwehr division of the German
General Staff. Hundreds of German army and SS officers were quietly
released from internment camps and joined Gehlen's headquarters in the
Spessart Mountains in central Germany. When the staff had grown to
three thousand men, the Bureau Gehlen opened a closely guarded twenty-
five-acre compound near Pullach, south of Munich, operating under the
innocent name of the South German Industrial Development
Organization. . . .
"Within a few years the Gehlen apparatus had grown by leaps and
bounds. In the early fifties it was estimated that the organization
employed up to 4,000 intelligence specialists in Germany, mainly
former army and SS officers, and that more than 4,000 V-men
(undercover agents) were active throughout the Soviet-bloc countries.
Gehlen's spy network stretches from Korea to Cairo, from Siberia to
Santiago de Chile. . . . When the Federal Republic [of West Germany]
became a sovereign state in 1955, the Bureau Gehlen was openly
recognized as the official intelligence arm of the Bonn government."
(19)
How important was the Gehlen Org, as it became known, to the
history of the Cold War? Simpson's research documents that it was
perhaps the most significant element of all:
". . . . The Org became the most important eyes and ears for U.S.
intelligence inside the closed societies of the Soviet bloc. 'In 1946
[U.S.] intelligence files on the Soviet Union were virtually empty,'
says Harry Rositzke, the CIA's former chief of espionage inside the
Soviet Union. '. . . . Rositzke worked closely with Gehlen during the
formative years of the CIA and credits Gehlen's organization with
playing a "primary role" in filling the empty file folders during that
period. . . .'
"'Gehlen had to make his money by creating a threat that we were
afraid of,' says Victor Marchetti, formerly the CIA's chief analyst of
Soviet strategic war plans and capabilities, 'so we would give him
more money to tell us about it.' He continues: 'In my opinion, the
Gehlen Organization provided nothing worthwhile for the understanding
or estimating Soviet military or political capabilities in Eastern
Europe or anywhere else.' Employing Gehlen was 'a waste of time, money,
and effort, except that maybe he had some CI [counter-intelligence]
value, because practically everybody in his organization was sucking
off both tits.'" (20)
By 'sucking off both tits' Marchetti is referring to the fact
that Gehlen's elaborate operation was penetrated by Soviet spies at
the very time it was our most important source of intelligence upon
which the Cold War was based. In fact, the Communists had infiltrated
Nazi intelligence long before Gehlen switched sides.
TRIPLE CROSS
"In each generation," write Aarons and Loftus, "Soviet
intelligence created 'anti-Communist' emigre front groups, ostensibly
to foment revolution and topple Bolshevism. The front groups
attracted support from the West. Considerable financial assistance
was supplied and close ties forged with various Western intelligence
services. This enabled the Communist double agents running the front
groups to co-opt the legitimate emigre opposition, splinter their
leadership and provoke them into premature and poorly organized
rebellions which were easily defeated. More importantly, the false
front groups were a vehicle for long-term Soviet penetration of
Western society. . . ."
The authors identify one of these groups as the Narodny Trudovoi
Soyuz (NTS), or the People's Labour Alliance. The NTS represented
itself as a group of anti-communist "moles" inside the Kremlin and, in
the 1920s, recruited a Communist agent named Prince Anton Vasilevich
Turkel. Turkel, who actually worked for Soviet Military intelligence
(GRU), went on to penetrate French, Japanese, Italian, British, German,
and even the Vatican intelligence services before the end of World War
II.
"After World War II, Turkel worked for West German intelligence
(the Gehlen Org), collaborated with many of the spy services of NATO,
including the American Military Intelligence Service (MIS - for
offensive intelligence), the US Army Counter Intelligence Corps (CIC -
for defensive purposes), the ultra-secret State Department Office of
Policy Co-ordination and the Central Intelligence Agency. . ." (21)
"Just before World War II began," according to the authors, "an
Austrian Jew named Richard Kauder created a secret intelligence
network, code named MAX." Kauder, using the name of [Max] Klatt -
Turkel's intelligence chief ["Unholy Trinity," Aarons and Loftus, p.
166] - "worked exclusively for Admiral Wilhelm Canaris, the German spy
chief who collaborated with the Vatican and the British to topple
Hitler during the war [the group known as the Black Orchestra]."
The Nazis thought the Max network was made up of "so-called
Fascist Jews" who "were willing to spy against the Soviet Union, not
for the glory of the Third Reich but to save themselves and their
families from the concentration camps." The Max network was supposed
to have had "the only communication link to a secret network of
'White' Russian Fascists inside the Kremlin [Turkel's NTS], who had
supposedly infiltrated Stalin's military headquarters prior to World
War II." But, the authors continue, "the Max network was not made up
of Fascist Jews. They were, in fact, Communist Jews who risked their
lives inside the heart of the Third Reich's intelligence service."
The Max network actually misled the Nazis, feeding them false
intelligence on the capabilities and intentions of the Soviet Union,
leading "the Nazi divisions into a series of death traps on the
Eastern front." The Max double-agents were responsible for the Nazis
defeats at Stalingrad, "the giant battle of Kursk where Hitler's tank
divisions were slaughtered. The final sting," continue the authors,
"was to mislead Germany into believing that the Red army was on the
verge of collapse in 1944, when in fact the Soviets were preparing for
the most massive onslaught of the war.
"It would not be an exaggeration to say that the 'Fascist Jews'
of the Max network did more to defeat the German army than all the
Western intelligence services combined. Seventy percent of all
Hitler's divisions were destroyed on the Eastern front, largely as a
result of the misleading intelligence supplied by Max." (22)
When Gehlen was recruited by the United States, Allen Dulles
ordered the ex-Nazi spymaster to "revive the Max network." Gehlen
already had plans to do just that, intending "to make Turkel's Max
network the centerpiece of his new West German intelligence agency.
As soon as a Republican president was elected in the United States,
Dulles intended to take over the CIA and make Gehlen and Turkel the
heart of his anti-Soviet network. The Soviets, of course, were
delighted as they watched Dulles and Gehlen attempt to plant a
Communist spy ring in the heart of Western intelligence. . . .
". . . [E]ventually, in 1956, the Allies decided that the whole
thing had been a giant Soviet-controlled operation. Dozens of
operations, hundreds of agents, thousands of innocent civilians had
been betrayed. . . .
". . . [T]hree years after Dulles became head of CIA in 1953, his
pet 'Fascist,' Turkel, broadcast the CIA codes to start the Hungarian
uprising prematurely. Thousands of innocent Hungarians rushed on to
the streets of Budapest to start the revolution. Instead of American
paratroopers dropping supplies, they found Soviet tanks waiting in the
suburbs."
By 1959, the collapse of Dulles's spy network was almost total:
"U.S. Military Intelligence admitted to the National Security Council
that it did not have a single network of couriers or safe houses left
in Communist territory, apart from East Germany. Dulles's Nazi
'freedom fighters' had sold him out." (23)
COLD WARRIORS
It was Harry Rositze who best described the attitude of the
United States military-intelligence establishment after the end of
World War II: "Any bastard as long as he was anti-Communist." Rositze,
the "former head of secret operations inside the USSR" for the CIA,
was correct. (24)
We have seen that many Nazis - including those who committed
atrocities - returned to positions of power and influence inside
Germany after the war. Unknown until fairly recently was the extent
of Nazi recruitment by U.S. intelligence agencies and political
organizations, in the 1940s and 1950s.
Perhaps the most publicized program of Nazi recruitment is that
of Project Paperclip, which involved the collection of Nazi rocket
scientists and facilities, all of which were later incorporated into
the U.S. Space Program. Klaus Barbie's employment by the U.S. State
Department in the 1940s is another well-known incident. Barbie, head
of the Gestapo in Lyons, France, was known as the "Butcher of Lyons"
and was sought by the French Government for atrocities committed
against French Resistance fighters captured by the Nazis. Barbie was
recruited as a U.S. intelligence "asset" in 1947 by one branch of the
State Department's Counter-intelligence Corps (CIC), while another
branch, the Operation Selection Board, a joint U.S./British project,
was trying to put him in prison for war crimes.
Eventually, according to Aarons and Loftus, "Barbie's employment
(and protection) by the Americans began to reach French newspapers and
politicians at least as early as 1948. They, in turn brought
increasing pressure on the U.S. government through publicity and
eventually through official notes requesting Barbie's extradition from
Germany. That, in the final analysis, is why the CIC chose to provide
Barbie with a new identity and safe passage to Argentina in 1951,
while thousands of other ex-Nazis who had been 'of interest' to the
CIC at one time or another have simply lived out their lives in
Germany. If the CIC had dumped Barbie when the French government
began requesting his extradition, he would have had plenty of
compromising things to say about the CIC. . ." (25)
But when Barbie was eventually captured by Bolivian authorities
in the early 1980s, and returned to France to face charges of war
crimes, the U.S. government was forced to conduct an investigation
into the Barbie affair. The official position? ". . . [T]his
investigation concluded that the United States had indeed protected
Barbie in Europe and engineered his escape but that Barbie was the
only such Nazi who had been assisted in this fashion." (26)
As documented previously, this statement was false. Hundreds,
perhaps thousands, of Nazis were employed by the several U.S. agencies,
from the CIC to the CIA, and used in covert operations overseas, as
our first line of defense against Communism. Others, equally as
guilty of wartime atrocities, were brought into the United States for
domestic political purposes. This aspect of the U.S.-Nazi connection
is well-documented, and deserves closer attention by the mainstream
press.
One of the first researchers to reveal the connections between
the U.S. government and the Nazis, was a lady named Mae Brussell of
Carmel, California. Her career as a conspiracy researcher and host of
the weekly radio program "World Watchers International" began with the
Kennedy assassination. "In ferreting out every morsel from the Warren
Report," writes Jonathan Vankin, author of the book "Conspiracies,
Cover-ups and Crimes," "supplementing her research with untold amounts
of reading from the 'New York Times' to 'Soldier of Fortune,' Brussell
discovered not merely a conspiracy of a few renegade CIA agents,
Mafiosi, and Castro haters behind Kennedy's death, but a vast,
invisible institutional structure layered into the very fabric of the
U.S. political system.
"Comprising the government within a government were not just
spies, gangsters, and Cubans, but Nazis. Mae found that many of the
commission witnesses -- whose testimony established Oswald as a lone
nut' -- had never even spoken to Oswald, or knew him only slightly.
The bulk of them were White Russian emigres living in Dallas. Extreme
in their anti-Communism, they were often affiliated with groups set up
by the SS in World War II -- Eastern European ethnic armies used by
the Nazis to carry out their dirtiest work.
"Brussell also discovered an episode from history rarely reported
in the media, and not often taught in universities. Those same
collaborationist groups were absorbed by United States intelligence
agencies. They hooked up with the spy net of German General Reinhard
Gehlen, Hitler's Eastern Front espionage chief."
"'This is a story of how key Nazis . . . anticipated military
disaster and laid plans to transplant nazism, intact but disguised, in
havens in the West,' wrote Mae Brussell in 1983. She didn't author too
many articles, but this one, 'The Nazi Connection to the John F.
Kennedy Assassination' (in 'The Rebel,' a short-lived political
magazine published by 'Hustler' impresario Larry Flynt), was
definitive, albeit convoluted.
"'It is a story that climaxes in Dallas on November 22, 1963,
when John Kennedy was struck down,' Brussell's article continued.
'And it is a story with an aftermath -- America's slide to the brink
of Fascism.'"
Mae Brussell quit broadcasting her radio show in Spring of 1988,
after receiving a death threat from a "man who is said to have
identified himself as 'a fascist and proud of it.'"
The last project she worked on, before her death from cancer on
October 3, 1988, writes the author, "was a study of Satanic cults --
within the U.S. military. The hidden fascist oligarchy had progressed
far beyond the need for patsies like Oswald. They were now able,
Brussell asserted, to hypnotically program assassins.
"Satanic cults are the state of the art in brainwashing. With
drugs, sex, and violence, they strip any semblance of moral thought.
They are perfect for use in creating killers. The United States
military, Brussell found, was using them." (27)
-------------------------------
NOTES: THE NEW WORLD (DIS)ORDER
--------------------------------
1 - One Thousand Americans, George Seldes, p. 5-6
2 - The Secret War Against the Jews, Loftus and Aarons, p. 71
3 - Ibid., pp. 73-74
4 - Ibid., pp. 75-76
5 - Ibid., p. 77
6 - Ibid., p. 78
7 - Ibid., pp. 79-80
8 - Ibid., pp. 82-83
9 - Ibid., pp. 84-85
10 - Ibid., pp. 85-86
11 - Tragedy and Hope, Prof. Carrol Quigley, p. 827
12 - Secret War Against the Jews, pp. 100-102
13 - The American Establishment, Leonard and Mark Silk, p. 249
14 - The New Germany and the Old Nazis, T.H. Tetens, pp. 99-102
15 - Blowback: America's recruitment of Nazis and its effects
on the Cold War, Christopher Simpson, pp. 191-192
16 - The New Germany and the Old Nazis, p. 103
17 - Ibid., pp. 112-113
18 - Blowback, pp. 40-41
19 - The New Germany and the Old Nazis, pp. 42-43
20 - Blowback, pp. 54-55
21 - Unholy Trinity, Mark Aarons and John Loftus, pp. 151-152
22 - The Secret War Against the Jews, pp. 135-136
23 - Ibid., pp. 151-152
24 - Blowback, p. 159
25 - Ibid., pp. 187-189
26 - Ibid., pp. 192-193
27 - Conspiracies, Cover-ups and Crimes, Jonathan Vankin,
pp. 101-104
----------------------
RICHARD MILHOUSE NIXON
----------------------
In this section we will explore the Nazi connections of Richard
Nixon. To do so we must return to the years just after the end of
World War II and, of course, a man named Dulles.
The irony of Nixon's political career ending with a cover-up can
only be appreciated with the knowledge that this turbulent career also
began with one. Loftus and Aarons state that:
"According to several of our sources among the 'old spies,'
Richard Nixon's political career began in 1945, when he was the navy
officer temporarily assigned to review . . . captured Nazi documents."
The documents in question revealed the wartime record of Karl Blessing,
"former Reichsbank officer and then head of the Nazi oil cartel,
Kontinentale Ol A.G. 'Konti' was in partnership with Dulles's
principal Nazi client, I.G. Farben. Both companies had despicable
records regarding their treatment of Jews during the Holocaust. After
the war Dulles not only 'lost' Blessings Nazi party records, but he
helped peddle a false biography in the ever-gullible 'New York
Times.'"
The authors' sources reveal that not only did Dulles help cover
up his Nazi client's record, he "personally vouched for Blessing as an
anti-Nazi in order to protect continued control of German oil
interests in the Middle East. Blessing's Konti was the Nazi link to
Iben Saud [King of Saudi Arabia] and Aramco [the Arabian-American Oil
Company]. If Blessing went down, he could have taken a lot of people
with him, including Allen Dulles. The cover-up worked, except that
U.S. Naval Intelligence scrutinized a set of the captured Konti
records."
According to the "old spies," Allen Dulles made a deal with the
young navy officer who was reviewing the Konti files - Richard Nixon.
Nixon would help Dulles bury the Konti files. In return, Allen Dulles
"arranged to finance [Nixon's] first congressional campaign against
Jerry Voorhis." (1)
Dulles's support for Nixon paid off in 1947 when, as the freshman
congressman from California, he "saved John Foster Dulles considerable
embarrassment by privately pointing out that confidential government
files showed that one of Foster's foundation employees, Alger Hiss,
was allegedly a Communist. The Dulles brothers took Nixon under their
wing and escorted him on a tour of Fascist 'freedom fighter'
operations in Germany, apparently in anticipation that the young
congressman would be useful after Dewey became president." [He would
be useful anyway, despite the fact that incumbent President Truman won
reelection in 1948, defeating Dewey.] (2)
After Truman's victory, write the authors, "Nixon became Allen
Dulles's mouthpiece in Congress. Both he and Senator Joseph McCarthy
received volumes of classified information to support the charge that
the Truman administration was filled with 'pinkos.' When McCarthy
went too far in his Communist investigations, it was Nixon who worked
with his next-door neighbor, CIA director Bedell Smith, to steer the
investigations away from the intelligence community.
"The CIA was grateful for Nixon's assistance, but did not know
the reason for it. Dulles had been recruiting Nazis under the cover
of the State Department's Office of Policy Coordination, whose chief,
Frank Wisner, had systematically recruited the Eastern European emigre
networks that had worked first for the SS, then the British, and
finally Dulles.
"The CIA did not know it, but Dulles was bringing them to the
United States less for intelligence purposes than for political
advantage. The Nazis' job quickly became to get out the vote for the
Republicans. One Israeli intelligence officer joked that when Dulles
used the phrase 'Never Again,' he was not talking about the Holocaust
but about Dewey's narrow loss to Truman. In the eyes of the Israelis,
Allen Dulles was the demon who infected Western intelligence with Nazi
recruits.
"In preparation for the 1952 Eisenhower-Nixon campaign, the
Republicans formed an Ethnic Division, which, to put it bluntly,
recruited the 'displaced Fascists' who arrived in the United States
after World War II. Like similar migrant organizations in several
Western countries, the Ethnic Division attracted a significant number
of Central and Eastern European Nazis, who had been recruited by the
SS as political and police leaders during the Holocaust. These
Fascist emigres supported the Eisenhower-Nixon 'liberation' policy as
the quickest means of getting back into power in their former
homelands and made a significant contribution 'in its first operation
(1951/1952).'"
The authors point out that "over the years the Democrats had
acquired one or two Nazis of their own, such as Tscherim Soobzokov, a
former member of the Caucasian SS who worked as a party boss in New
Jersey. But in 90 percent of the cases, the members of Hitler's
political organization went to the Republicans. In fact, from the
very beginning, the word had been put around among Eastern European
Nazis that Dulles and Nixon were the men to see, especially if you
were a rich Fascist . . ." (3)
This relationship between Richard Nixon and the Nazis developed
because both he and Allen Dulles "blamed Governor Dewey's razor-thin
loss to Truman in the 1948 presidential election on the Jewish vote.
When [Nixon] became Eisenhower's vice president in 1952, Nixon was
determined to build his own ethnic base.
"Vice President Nixon's secret political war of Nazis against
Jews in American politics was never investigated at the time. The
foreign language-speaking Croatian and other Fascist emigre groups had
a ready-made network for contacting and mobilizing the Eastern
European ethnic bloc. There is a very high correlation between CIA
domestic subsidies to Fascist 'freedom fighters' during the 1950s and
the leadership of the Republican party's ethnic campaign groups. The
motive for under-the-table financing was clear: Nixon used Nazis to
offset the Jewish vote for the Democrats.
"In 1952 Nixon had formed an Ethnic Division within the
Republican National Committee. 'Displaced Fascists, hoping to be
returned to power by an Eisenhower-Nixon "liberation" policy signed
on' with the committee. In 1953, when Republicans were in office, the
immigration laws were changed to admit Nazis, even members of the SS.
They flooded into the country. Nixon himself oversaw the new
immigration program. As vice president, he even received Eastern
European Fascists in the White House. After a long, long journey, the
Croatian Nazis had found a new home in the United States, where they
reestablished their networks.
"In 1968 Nixon promised that if he won the presidential election,
he would create a permanent ethnic council within the Republican party.
Previously the Ethnic Division was allowed to surface only during
presidential campaigns. Nixon's promise was carried out after the
1972 election, during [George] Bush's tenure as chairman of the
Republican National Committee. The Croatian Ustashis became an
integral part of the campaign structure of Republican politics, along
with several other Fascist organizations." (4)
The authors describe Nixon's pro-Nazi activities in no uncertain
terms: "Nixon himself personally recruited ex-Nazis for his 1968
presidential campaign. Moreover, Vice President Nixon became the
point man for the Eisenhower administration on covert operations and
personally supervised Allen Dulles's projects while Ike was ill in
1956 and 1957." (5)
One of the Nazis recruited by candidate Nixon was Laszlo Pasztor,
described by Aarons and Loftus as "the founding chair of Nixon's
Republican Heritage Groups council" who, "during World War II . . .
was a diplomat in Berlin representing the Arrow Cross government of
Nazi Hungary, which supervised the extermination of the Jewish
population.
"[A]fter Nixon won [the 1968 Presidential Election], he approved
Pasztor's appointment as chief organizer of the ethnic council. Not
surprisingly, Pasztor's 'choices for filling emigre slots as the
council was being formed included various Nazi collaborationist
organizations.' The former Fascists were coming out of the closet in
droves.
"The policy of the Nixon White House was an 'open door' for
emigre Fascists, and through the door came such guests as Ivan Docheff,
head of the Bulgarian National Front and chairman of the American
Friends of the Anti-Bolshevik Bloc of Nations (ABN). . . . an
organization dominated by war criminals and fugitive Fascists. Yet
Nixon welcomed them with open arms and even had Docheff to breakfast
for a prayer meeting to celebrate Captive Nations Week." (6)
"During Nixon's 'Four More Years' campaign in 1971-1972, Laszlo
Pasztor again played a key role in marshaling the ethnic vote. No
longer a marginal player on the fringes, now he held a key position as
the Republican National Committee's nationalities director. . . .
"The Republican leadership cannot claim ignorance as a defense.
[Syndicated Columnist Jack] Anderson's famous expose of Nixon's Nazis
appeared in 'The Washington Post' at the same time as the November
1971 convention. Among those mentioned was Laszlo Pasztor, 'the
industrious head of the GOP ethnic groups, [who] was never asked about
his wartime activities in Hungary by the four GOP officials who
interviewed him for his job.' It was too embarrassing for Nixon to
admit that Pasztor had been a ranking member of a Fascist government
at war with the United States.
". . . . It is one thing to promote obscure Eastern European
Fascist movements in the Republican party. It is quite another to let
the German Nazis have a major influence. After 1953, the Republican
administration changed the rules, and even members of the Waffen SS
could immigrate to the United States as long as they claimed only to
have fought the Communists on the Eastern Front." (7)
The Republican/Nixon attraction to Nazism was also observed by
Robert J. Groden and Harrison Edward Livingstone, authors of the book,
"High Treason," dealing with the Kennedy Assassination. Groden and
Livingstone write: "Nixon surrounded himself with what was known as
the Berlin Wall, a long succession of advisors with Germanic names: We
recall at the top of his 'German General Staff' as it was also known,
Haldeman, Erlichman, Krogh, Kliendienst, Kissinger (the Rockefellers'
emissary) and many others.
"The selection of German names was no accident. Many of the
brighter staff people close to Nixon came to him from the University
of Southern California, and the University of California at Los
Angeles, where there were fraternities that kept alive the vision of a
new Reich. America has for a long time harbored this dark side of its
character, one of violence and the Valhalla of Wagner and Hitler.
"But Gordon Liddy was the one in whose mind 'Triumph of the Will'
was the most alive. Some of these men would watch the great Nazi
propaganda films in the basement of the White House until all hours of
the night, and drink, in fact, get drunk with their power, with blind
ambition, as one of them wrote." (8)
"According to several of our sources in the intelligence
community who were in a position to know," continue Loftus and Aarons,
"the secret rosters of the Republican party's Nationalities Council
read like a Who's Who of Fascist fugitives. The Republican's Nazi
connection is the darkest secret of the Republican leadership. The
rosters will never be disclosed to the public. As will be seen in
Chapter 16 dealing with George Bush, the Fascist connection is too
widespread for damage control.
"According to a 1988 study by Russ Bellant of Political Research
Associates, virtually all of the Fascist organizations of World War II
opened up a Republican party front group during the Nixon
administration. The caliber of the Republican ethnic leaders can be
gauged by one New Jersey man, Emanuel Jasiuk, a notorious mass
murderer from what is today called the independent nation of Belarus,
formerly part of the Soviet Union. But not all American ethnic
communities are represented in the GOP's ethnic section; there are no
black or Jewish heritage groups. . . .
"The truth is that the Nazi immigrants were 'tar babies' that no
one knew how to get rid of. Dulles had brought in a handful of the
top emigre politicians in the late 1940s. They in turn sponsored
their friends in the 1950s. By the 1960s ex-Nazis who had originally
fled to Argentina were moving to the United States. . . ." (9)
It is clear that, even before the break-in at the Democratic
Party Headquarters on June 17, 1972, the Republicans were on the brink
of having their pro-Nazi activities over the past four decades become
a matter of mass-media attention. After the Watergate Break-in, as
the Congressional Hearings began to reveal the slush-funds, money-
laundering, illegal corporate campaign contributions, the political
sabotage of the 1972 Presidential election process, the involvement of
ITT and the Nixon Administration into the assassination of Salvador
Allende, the democratically elected president of Chile, and many other
aspects of Nixonism, the floodgates of truth were about to open. Only
one thing averted this wholesale learning of the truth by the American
people: Nixon's resignation and subsequent pardoning by his hand-
picked successor, Gerald Ford.
-----------------------------
NOTES: RICHARD MILHOUSE NIXON
-----------------------------
1 - The Secret War Against the Jews, p. 221
2 - Ibid., pp. 221-222
3 - Ibid., pp. 222-223
4 - Ibid., pp. 122-123
5 - Ibid., pp. 224-225
6 - Ibid., pp. 297-298
7 - Ibid., pp. 298-299
8 - High Treason, Robert J. Groden and Harrison Edward
Livingstone, pp. 417-418
9 - The Secret War Against the Jews, pp. 300-301
--------------------------
GEORGE HERBERT WALKER BUSH
--------------------------
Like Richard Nixon, George Bush was a strong anti-marijuana/hemp
president, escalating the so-called "war on drugs" begun by Nixon.
And, like Nixon, George Bush was deeply involved with supporting the
Nazis in the Republican's closet. In fact, support for the Nazis was
a Bush family tradition which goes back more than six decades and,
once again, to Allen Dulles.
Loftus and Aarons write: "The real story of George Bush starts
well before he launched his own career. It goes back to the 1920s,
when the Dulles brothers and the other pirates of Wall Street were
making their deals with the Nazis. . . ."
THE BUSH-DULLES-NAZI CONNECTION
"George Bush's problems were inherited from his namesake and
maternal grandfather, George Herbert 'Bert' Walker, a native of St.
Louis, who founded the banking and investment firm of G. H. Walker and
Company in 1900. Later the company shifted from St. Louis to the
prestigious address of 1 Wall Street. . . .
"Walker was one of Hitler's most powerful financial supporters in
the United States. The relationship went all the back to 1924, when
Fritz Thyssen, the German industrialist, was financing Hitler's infant
Nazi party. As mentioned in earlier chapters, there were American
contributors as well.
"Some Americans were just bigots and made their connections to
Germany through Allen Dulles's firm of Sullivan and Cromwell because
they supported Fascism. The Dulles brothers, who were in it for
profit more than ideology, arranged American investments in Nazi
Germany in the 1930s to ensure that their clients did well out of the
German economic recovery. . . .
"Sullivan & Cromwell was not the only firm engaged in funding
Germany. According to 'The Splendid Blond Beast,' Christopher
Simpson's seminal history of the politics of genocide and profit,
Brown Brothers, Harriman was another bank that specialized in
investments in Germany. The key figure was Averill Harriman, a
dominating figure in the American establishment. . . .
"The firm originally was known as W. A. Harriman & Company. The
link between Harriman & Company's American investors and Thyssen
started in the 1920s, through the Union Banking Corporation, which
began trading in 1924. In just one three-year period, the Harriman
firm sold more than $50 million of German bonds to American investors.
'Bert' Walker was Union Banking's president, and the firm was located
in the offices of Averill Harriman's company at 39 Broadway in New
York.
"In 1926 Bert Walker did a favor for his new son-in-law, Prescott
Bush. It was the sort of favor families do to help their children
make a start in life, but Prescott came to regret it bitterly. Walker
made Prescott vice president of W. A. Harriman. The problem was that
Walker's specialty was companies that traded with Germany. As Thyssen
and the other German industrialists consolidated Hitler's political
power in the 1930s, an American financial connection was needed.
According to our sources, Union Banking became an out-and-out Nazi
money-laundering machine. . . .
"In [1931], Harriman & Company merged with a British-American
investment company to become Brown Brothers, Harriman. Prescott Bush
became one of the senior partners of the new company, which relocated
to 59 Broadway, while Union Banking remained at 39 Broadway. But in
1934 Walker arranged to put his son-in-law on the board of directors
of Union Banking.
"Walker also set up a deal to take over the North American
operations of the Hamburg-Amerika Line, a cover for I.G. Farben's Nazi
espionage unit in the United States. The shipping line smuggled in
German agents, propaganda, and money for bribing American politicians
to see things Hitler's way. The holding company was Walker's American
Shipping & Commerce, which shared the offices at 39 Broadway with
Union Banking. In an elaborate corporate paper trail, Harriman's
stock in American Shipping & Commerce was controlled by yet another
holding company, the Harriman Fifteen Corporation, run out of Walker's
office. The directors of this company were Averill Harriman, Bert
Walker, and Prescott Bush. . . .
". . . In a November 1935 article in Common Sense, retired marine
general Smedley D. Butler blamed Brown Brothers, Harriman for having
the U.S. marines act like 'racketeers' and 'gangsters' in order to
exploit financially the peasants of Nicaragua. . . .
". . . A 1934 congressional investigation alleged that Walker's
'Hamburg-Amerika Line subsidized a wide range of pro-Nazi propaganda
efforts both in Germany and the United States.' Walker did not know it,
but one of his American employees, Dan Harkins, had blown the whistle
on the spy apparatus to Congress. Harkins, one of our best sources,
became Roosevelt's first double agent . . . [and] kept up the pretense
of being an ardent Nazi sympathizer, while reporting to Naval
Intelligence on the shipping company's deals with Nazi intelligence.
"Instead of divesting the Nazi money," continue the authors,
"Bush hired a lawyer to hide the assets. The lawyer he hired had
considerable expertise in such underhanded schemes. It was Allen
Dulles. According to Dulles's client list at Sullivan & Cromwell, his
first relationship with Brown Brothers, Harriman was on June 18, 1936.
In January 1937 Dulles listed his work for the firm as 'Disposal of
Stan [Standard Oil] Investing stock.'
"As discussed in Chapter 3, Standard Oil of New Jersey had
completed a major stock transaction with Dulles's Nazi client, I.G.
Farben. By the end of January 1937 Dulles had merged all his cloaking
activities into one client account: 'Brown Brothers Harriman-Schroeder
Rock.' Schroeder, of course, was the Nazi bank on whose board Dulles
sat. The 'Rock' were the Rockefellers of Standard Oil, who were
already coming under scrutiny for their Nazi deals. By May 1939
Dulles handled another problem for Brown Brothers, Harriman, their
'Securities Custodian Accounts.'
"If Dulles was trying to conceal how many Nazi holding companies
Brown Brothers, Harriman was connected with, he did not do a very good
job. Shortly after Pearl Harbor, word leaked from Washington that
affiliates of Prescott Bush's company were under investigation for
aiding the Nazis in time of war. . . .
". . . The government investigation against Prescott Bush
continued. Just before the storm broke, his son, George, abandoned
his plans to enter Yale and enlisted in the U.S. Army. It was, say our
sources among the former intelligence officers, a valiant attempt by
an eighteen-year-old boy to save the family's honor.
"Young George was in flight school in October 1942, when the U.S.
government charged his father with running Nazi front groups in the
United States. Under the Trading with the Enemy Act, all the shares
of the Union Banking Corporation were seized, including those held by
Prescott Bush as being in effect held for enemy nationals. Union
Banking, of course, was an affiliate of Brown Brothers, Harriman, and
Bush handled the Harrimans' investments as well.
"Once the government had its hands on Bush's books, the whole
story of the intricate web of Nazi front corporations began to unravel.
A few days later two of Union Banking's subsidiaries -- the Holland
American Trading Corporation and the Seamless Steel Equipment
Corporation -- also were seized. Then the government went after the
Harriman Fifteen Holding Company, which Bush shared with his father-
in-law, Bert Walker, the Hamburg-Amerika Line, and the Silesian-
American Corporation. The U.S. government found that huge sections of
Prescott Bush's empire had been operated on behalf of Nazi Germany and
had greatly assisted the German war effort." (1)
EDWIN PAULEY
"Try as he did," continue the authors, "George Bush could not get
away from Dulles's crooked corporate network, which his grandfather
and father had joined in the 1920s. Wherever he turned, George found
that the influence of the Dulles brothers was already there. Even
when he fled to Texas to become a successful businessman on his own,
he ran into the pirates of Wall Street.
"One of Allen Dulles's secret spies inside the Democratic party
later became George Bush's partner in the Mexican oil business. Edwin
Pauley, a California oil man, was . . . one of Dulles's covert agents
in the Roosevelt and Truman admini-strations . . . a 'big business'
Democrat. . . .
Among the key posts held by Pauley were: treasurer of the
Democratic National Committee, director of the Democratic convention
in 1944 and, after Truman's election, Truman appointed him the
"Petroleum Coordinator of Lend-Lease Supplies for the Soviet Union and
Britain."
Just after the end of World War II, "in April 1945 Truman
appointed Pauley as the U.S. representative to the Allied Reparations
Committee, with the rank of ambassador," as well as "industrial and
commercial advisor to the Potsdam Conference, 'where his chief task
was to renegotiate the reparations agreements formulated at Yalta.'
As one historian noted, the 'oil industry has always watched
reparations activities carefully.' There was a lot of money involved,
and much of it belonged to the Dulles brothers' clients."
At the same time, report Loftus and Aarons, "the Dulles brothers
were still shifting Nazi assets out of Europe for their clients as
well as for their own profit. They didn't want the Soviets to get
their hands on these assets or even know that they existed. Pauley
played a significant role in solving this problem for the Dulles
brothers. The major part of Nazi Germany's industrial assets was
located in the zones occupied by the West's forces. As Washington's
man on the ground, Pauley managed to deceive the Soviets for long
enough to allow Allen Dulles to spirit much of the remaining Nazi
assets out to safety. . . .
"Pauley, a key player in the plan to hide the Dulles brothers'
Nazi assets, then moved into another post where he could help them
further. After successfully keeping German assets in Fascist hands,
Pauley was given the job of 'surveying Japan's assets and determining
the amount of its war debt.' Again, it was another job that was
crucial to the Dulles clique's secret financial and intelligence
operations." (2)
After Pauley retired from government work he went back to being
an independent oil man. Loftus and Aarons state that: "In 1958 he
founded Pauley Petroleum which: . . . teamed up with Howard Hughes to
expand oil production in the Gulf of Mexico.
"Pauley Petroleum discovered a highly productive offshore
petroleum reserve and in 1959 became involved in a dispute with the
Mexican Government, which considered the royalties from the wells to
be too low.
"According to our sources in the intelligence community, the oil
dispute was really a shakedown of the CIA by Mexican politicians.
Hughes and Pauley were working for the CIA from time to time, while
advancing their own financial interests in the lucrative Mexican oil
fields. Pauley, say several of our sources, was the man who invented
an intelligence money-laundering system in Mexico, which was later
refined in the 1970s as part of Nixon's Watergate scandal. At one
point CIA agents used Pemex, the Mexican government's oil monopoly, as
a business cover at the same time Pemex was being used as a money
laundry for Pauley's campaign contributions. As we shall see, the
Mexican-CIA connection played an important part in the development of
George Bush's political and intelligence career. . . .
"Pauley, say the 'old spies,' was the man who brought all the
threads of the Mexican connection together. He was Bush's business
associate, a front man for Dulles's CIA [Allen Dulles was CIA director
then], and originator of the use of Mexican oil fronts to create a
slush fund for Richard Nixon's various campaigns. . . .
"Although it is not widely known, Pauley, in fact, had been a
committed, if 'secret,' Nixon supporter since 1960. It should be
recalled that Nixon tried to conceal his Mexican slush fund during the
Watergate affair by pressuring the CIA into a 'national security'
cover-up. The CIA, to its credit, declined to participate.
Unfortunately, others were so enmeshed in Pauley's work for Nixon that
they could never extricate themselves. According to a number of our
intelligence sources, the deals Bush cut with Pauley in Mexico
catapulted him into political life. In 1960 Bush became a protege of
Richard Nixon, who was then running for president of the United
States. . . .
"The most intriguing of Bush's early connections was to Richard
Nixon, who as vice president had supervised Allen Dulles's covert
planning for the Bay of Pigs [invasion]. For years it has been
rumored that Dulles's client, George Bush's father, was one of the
Republican leaders who recruited Nixon to run for Congress and later
convinced Eisenhower to take him on as vice president. There is no
doubt that the two families were close. George Bush described Nixon
as his 'mentor.' Nixon was a Bush supporter in his very first tilt at
politics, during his unsuccessful run for the Senate in 1964, and
turned out again when he entered the House two years later.
"After Nixon's landslide victory in 1972, he ordered a general
house cleaning on the basis of loyalty. 'Eliminate everyone,' he told
John Ehrlichman about reappointments, 'except George Bush. Bush will
do anything for our cause.' . . . According to Bush's account, the
president told him that 'the place I really need you is over at the
National Committee running things.' So, in 1972, Nixon appointed
George Bush as head of the Republican National Committee.
"It was Bush who fulfilled Nixon's promise to make the 'ethnic'
emigres a permanent part of Republican politics. In 1972 Nixon's
State Department spokesman confirmed to his Australian counterpart
that the ethnic groups were very useful to get out the vote in several
key states. Bush's tenure as head of the Republican National
Committee exactly coincided with Laszlo Pasztor's 1972 drive to
transform the Heritage Groups Council into the party's official ethnic
arm. The groups Pasztor chose as Bush's campaign allies were the
emigre Fascists whom Dulles had brought to the United States. . . .
". . . Nearly twenty years later, and after expose's in several
respectable newspapers, Bush continued to recruit most of the same
ethnic Fascists, including Pasztor, for his own 1988 ethnic outreach
program when he first ran for president.
"According to our sources in the intelligence community," state
the authors, "it was Bush who told Nixon that the Watergate
investigations might start uncovering the Fascist skeletons in the
Republican party's closet. Bush himself acknowledges that he wrote
Nixon a letter asking him to step down. The day after Bush did so,
Nixon resigned.
"Bush had hoped to become Gerald Ford's vice president upon
Nixon's resignation, but he was appointed U.S. ambassador to the UN.
Nelson Rockefeller became vice president and chief damage controller.
He formed a special commission in an attempt to preempt the Senate's
investigation of the intelligence community. The Rockefeller
Commission into CIA abuses was filled with old OPC [Dulles's Office of
Policy Coordination] hands like Ronald Reagan, who had been the front
man back in the 1950s for the money-laundering organization, the
Crusade for Freedom, which was part of Dulles's Fascist 'freedom
fighters' program." (3)
In 1988, Project Censored, a news media censorship research
organization, awarded the honor of "Top Censored story" to the subject
of George Bush. The article revealed "how the major mass media
ignored, overlooked or undercovered at least ten critical stories
reported in America's alternative press that raised serious questions
about the Republican candidate, George Bush, dating from his reported
role as a CIA 'asset' in 1963 to his Presidential campaign's
connection with a network of anti-Semites with Nazi and fascist
affiliations in 1988." (4)
---------------------------------
NOTES: GEORGE HERBERT WALKER BUSH
---------------------------------
1 - The Secret War Against the Jews, pp. 357-361
2 - Ibid., pp. 362-364
3 - Ibid., pp. 365-371
4 - The 1993 Project Censored Yearbook: The News That Didn't
Make The News - And Why, Project Censored; Dr. Carl Jensen,
Director., pp. 230.
----------
CONCLUSION
----------
If, before you finished reading this publication, you ever
wondered why the U.S. federal government refuses to consider the
medicinal and industrial value of cannabis hemp, despite widespread
and growing support from the public, medical experts, industry leaders,
and a growing number of state legislators across this nation . . . you
now have the answer.
For the past several generations, Americans have been
systematically deceived about the true nature of cannabis hemp. Many
Americans have died - victims of political murders. Millions have been
imprisoned, their children and their property taken away, their
futures destroyed. The history of my own state - Kentucky - and
others as well, have been "sanitized," rewritten, our heritage deleted,
our citizens defrauded and impoverished to bury the truth.
And if, before you finished reading this publication, you ever
wondered why the U.S. federal government would train and finance
Central American death squads; or why, while waging the so-called "war
on drugs," the U.S. federal government would operate cocaine and
heroin smuggling operations around the world, bringing in tons of
drugs to places like Mena, Arkansas; or why the U.S. federal
government would "spread democracy" throughout the world by
assassinating democratically elected politicians - both at home and
abroad - replacing them with right-wing dictators and training their
secret police in the latest techniques of torture, terrorism, and mind
control; or why the U.S. federal government would conduct deadly
medical and radiation experiments on unsuspecting citizens - including
pregnant women, the mentally impaired, and children . . . you now have
the answer.
The last question is "what are we going to do about it?"
---------------------------
BIBLIOGRAPHY (By section)
----------------------------
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An Uncommon Introduction to American Politics
Second Edition, By Thomas R. Dye and L. Harmon Zeigler
Duxbury Press, CA. 1972
The Arms Bazaar:
>From Lebanon to Lockheed
By Anthony Sampson
The Viking Press, NY. 1977
U. S. CORPORATIONS AND THE NAZIS
Facts and Fascism
By George Seldes (Assisted by Helen Seldes)
Sixth Edition
In Fact, Inc., NY. 1943
Trading with the Enemy:
An Expose of the Nazi-American Money Plot 1933-1949
By Charles Higham
Delecorte Press, NY. 1983
Even the Gods Can't Change History:
The Facts Speak for Themselves
By George Seldes
Lyle Stuart, Inc., NJ. 1976
Power, Inc.:
Public and Private Rulers and How to Make Them Accountable
By Morton Mintz & Jerry S. Cohen
Viking Press, NY. 1976
The Plot to Seize the White House
By Jules Archer
Hawthorn Books, 1973
It's A Conspiracy!:
The Shocking Truth About America's Favorite
Conspiracy Theories
By Michael Litchfield / The National Insecurity Council
EarthWorks Press, CA. 1992
The Secret War Against The Jews:
How Western Espionage Betrayed The Jewish People
By John Loftus and Mark Aarons
St. Martin's Press, NY. 1994
HEMP & the Marijuana Conspiracy:
The Emperor Wears No Clothes
By Jack Herer
(Editors: C. Conrad, L. & J. Osburn, E. Komp, and J. Stout)
H.E.M.P. (Help Eliminate Marijuana Prohibition), CA. 1995
One Thousand Americans
By George Seldes
BONI & GAER, NY. 1947
Ain't Nobody's Business If You Do:
The Absurdity of Consentual Crimes in a Free Society
By Peter McWilliams
Prelude Press, CA. 1993
A History of the Hemp Industry in Kentucky
By Professor James F. Hopkins
University of Kentucky Press, Lexington, KY. 1951
Spooks: The Haunting of America
The Private Use of Secret Agents
By Jim Hougan
First Bantam Edition
William Morrow and Co., NY. 1979
The Sovereign State of ITT
By Anthony Sampson
Stein and Day, NY. 1973
Democracy for the Few
By Michael Parenti
Fourth Edition
St. Martin's Press, NY. 1983
THE NEW WORLD (DIS)ORDER
Tragedy and Hope:
A History of the World in Our Time
By Carroll Quigley
Second Printing
Wm. Morrison, NY. 1974
The American Establishment
By Leonard Silk & Mark Silk
First Discus Printing
Avon Books (by arrangement with Basic Books), NY. 1981
The New Germany and the Old Nazis
By T.H. Tetens
Random House, NY. 1961
Blowback:
America's Recruitment of Nazi's
and Its Effect on the Cold War
By Christopher Simpson
Weidenfeld & Nicolson, NY. 1988
Unholy Trinity:
The Vatican, the Nazis, and Soviet Intelligence
By Mark Aarons & John Loftus
First U.S. Edition
St. Martin's Press, NY. 1992
Conspiracies, Cover-Ups and Crimes:
>From JFK to the CIA Terrorist Connection
By Jonathan Vankin
Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group, Inc., NY. 1992
RICHARD MILHOUSE NIXON
High Treason:
The Assassination of President John F. Kennedy
and the New Evidence of Conspiracy
By Robert J. Groden and Harrison Edward Livingstone
Berkley Edition
Berkley Books, NY. 1990
GEORGE HERBERT WALKER BUSH
Censored:
The News That Didn't Make the News -- And Why
By Carl Jensen
Shelburne Press, Inc., NY. 1993
[End of Elkhorn Manifesto]
************************************************************************
MARIJUANA AND HEMP - THE UNTOLD STORY
by THOMAS J. BOURIL
************************************************************************
MARIJUANA AND HEMP
The Untold Story
The purpose of this article (a 20-minute read) is to expose the
numerous facts about marijuana and hemp that have been
suppressed--facts the government does not want you to know.
You are encouraged to copy and distribute this document freely
assuming this work remains unaltered and is distributed free of
charge. For information on how to download this entire document
in either HTML form, or as a Microsoft Word document, CLICK HERE.
Author: Thomas J. Bouril, 1997
Portions copyright 1997 Cannabis Action Network and CANNABIS.COM
-----------------------------------------------------------------
INDEX
1: Introduction
2: Hemp Facts
3: Hemp For Victory
4: Medical Marijuana
5: Why Was Marijuana/Hemp Banned?
6: Marijuana Myths
7: Canada Re-Legalizes Hemp
8: Prohibition Causes Harm
9: How Harmful Is Marijuana?
10: The Hemp Directory
Popular Mechanics Article: New Billion-Dollar Crop
-----------------------------------------------------------------
INTRODUCTION
Hemp is a plant that can be used to produce thousands of
products. Hemp is of the same plant species that produces
marijuana; its scientific name is Cannabis Sativa. Hemp has been
used for thousands of years to produce products like paper,
textiles, oil, rope, and canvas. In fact, the name canvas is
derived from the Arabic word meaning cannabis. Hemp grown for
industrial use is very low in THC (the psychoactive chemical in
marijuana), thus making industrial hemp useless as a drug.
Although marijuana is mostly known as a recreational drug,
marijuana also has many medicinal uses.
During the 1930s, the American media propagated numerous false
stories depicting marijuana as an extremely dangerous drug.
Because these lies went unchallenged, marijuana and hemp were
effectively banned in 1938. Recently, hemp has been rediscovered
as a natural resource that has great economic and environmental
potential. Marijuana for medicinal use is also gaining renewed
recognition. Ironically, as will be explained shortly, it is
possible that the real reason marijuana was banned was to prevent
hemp from ever becoming a major natural resource. What follows
are many astonishing facts about marijuana and hemp--facts that
will shock most people.
HEMP: THE WORLD'S MOST BENEFICIAL NATURAL RESOURCE?
AMAZING FACTS ABOUT AN AMAZING PLANT
* On an annual basis, 1 acre of hemp will produce as much
fiber as 2 to 3 acres of cotton. Hemp fiber is stronger and
softer than cotton, lasts twice as long as cotton, and will
not mildew. Many textile products (shirts, jackets, pants,
backpacks, etc.) made from 100% hemp are now available.
* Cotton grows only in moderate climates and requires more
water than hemp; but hemp is frost tolerant, requires only
moderate amounts of water, and grows in all 50 states.
Cotton requires large quantities of pesticides and
herbicides--50% of the world's pesticides/herbicides are
used on cotton. But hemp requires no pesticides, no
herbicides, and only moderate amounts of fertilizer.
* On an annual basis, 1 acre of hemp will produce as much
paper as 2 to 4 acres of trees. From tissue paper to
cardboard, all types of paper products can be produced from
hemp. Global demand for paper will double within 25 years.
Unless tree-free sources of paper are developed, there is no
way to meet future demand without causing massive
deforestation and environmental damage. Hemp is the world's
most promising source of tree-free paper.
* The quality of hemp paper is superior to tree-based paper.
Hemp paper will last hundreds of years without degrading,
can be recycled many more times than tree-based paper, and
requires less toxic chemicals in the manufacturing process
than does paper made from trees.
* Hemp can be used to produce fiberboard that is stronger than
wood, lighter than wood, and fire retardant. Substituting
hemp fiberboard for timber would further reduce the need to
cut down our forests. Hemp can also be used to produce
strong, durable and environmentally-friendly plastic
substitutes. Thousands of products made from petroleum-based
plastics can be produced from hemp-based composites.
Mercedes Benz of Germany has recently begun manufacturing
automobile bodies and dashboards made from hemp.
* It takes years for trees to grow until they can be harvested
for paper or wood, but hemp is ready for harvesting only 120
days after it is planted. Hemp can grow on most land
suitable for farming, but forests and tree farms require
large tracts of land available in few locations. Harvesting
hemp rather than trees would also eliminate erosion due to
logging, thereby reducing topsoil loss and water pollution
caused by soil runoff.
* Hemp seeds contain a protein that is more nutritious and
more economical to produce than soybean protein. Hemp seeds
are not intoxicating. Hemp seed protein can be used to
produce virtually any product made from soybean: tofu,
veggie burgers, butter, cheese, salad oils, ice cream, milk,
etc. Hemp seed can also be ground into a nutritious flour
that can be used to produce baked goods such as pasta,
cookies, and breads.
* Hemp seed oil can be used to
produce non-toxic diesel fuel,
paint, varnish, detergent, ink and lubricating oil. Because
hemp seeds account for up to half the weight of a mature
hemp plant, hemp seed is a viable source for these products.
* Just as corn can be converted into clean-burning ethanol
fuel, so can hemp. Because hemp produces more biomass than
any plant species (including corn) that can be grown in a
wide range of climates and locations, hemp has great
potential to become a major source of ethanol fuel.
* Literally millions of wild hemp plants currently grow
throughout the U.S. Wild hemp, like hemp grown for
industrial use, has no drug properties because of its low
THC content. U.S. marijuana laws prevent farmers from
growing the same hemp plant that proliferates in nature by
the millions.
* From 1776 to 1937, hemp was a major American crop and
textiles made from hemp were common. Yet, The American
Textile Museum, The Smithsonian Institute, and most American
history books contain no mention of hemp. The government's
War on Marijuana Smokers has created an atmosphere of self
censorship--speaking of hemp in a positive manner is
considered taboo.
* United States Presidents George Washington and Thomas
Jefferson grew hemp, used products made from hemp, and
praised the hemp plant in some of their writings. Under the
laws written by today's politicians, George Washington and
Thomas Jefferson would be considered a threat to
society--they would be arrested and thrown in prison for the
felony crime of growing plants.
* No other natural resource offers the potential of hemp.
Cannabis Hemp is capable of producing significant quantities
of paer, textiles, building materials, food, medicine,
paint, detergent, varnish, oil, ink, and fuel. Unlike other
crops, hemp can grow in most climates and on most farmland
throughout the world with moderate water and fertilizer
requirements, no pesticides, and no herbicides. Cannabis
Hemp (also known as Indian Hemp) has enormous potential to
become a major natural resource that can benefit both the
economy and the environment.
* "Make the most you can of the Indian Hemp seed and sow it
everywhere."
--President George Washington, 1794
During World War II, the U.S. government urged patriotic American
farmers to grow...
HEMP FOR VICTORY
Fibers needed to make rope, textiles and other materials were in
such short supply during World War II, the U.S. government
temporarily re-legalized hemp cultivation so American farmers
could grow it for the war effort. Although the government allowed
more than 350,000 acres (550 square miles) of hemp to be
cultivated during World War II, the U.S. experienced no increase
in marijuana use during that period.
The surrounding images are from the 1942 U.S. Dept. of
Agriculture film titled Hemp For Victory, which was used to
educate American farmers about growing hemp for the war effort.
This film portrays the hemp plant in a very positive light. For
years the government denied it made this film, and records of its
existence in The Library of Congress were mysteriously missing.
But in 1989, after an exhaustive search of government archives,
researchers uncovered the original library records which prove
Hemp For Victory was produced by the U.S. government. Video
cassette tapes of Hemp For Victory are now available for sale to
the public.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DO HEMP ADVOCATES HAVE AN AGENDA TO RE-LEGALIZE MARIJUANA?
Many prohibitionists discredit the need for a hemp industry
because they fear hemp is being used as a vehicle to re-legalize
marijuana. The facts must be judged on their own merit. The
economic and environmental benefits of hemp are very real. There
are literally thousands of American farmers who want to grow
industrial hemp. The repeal of Hemp Prohibition is also advocated
by numerous major farm organizations, including the conservative
4.5-million-member American Farm Bureau. Many businesses are now
producing hemp-based products and some large American
corporations (e.g., International Paper, Inc.) are beginning to
advocate the repeal of Hemp Prohibition.
It is entirely possible to repeal Hemp Prohibition without
re-legalizing marijuana because hemp grown for industrial use has
no drug properties. China and Eastern European nations are the
world's leading growers of hemp, but marijuana is still illegal
in those nations. Although marijuana is illegal in Canada,
England, Germany, and Australia, those nations have recently
begun growing hemp for the first time in decades. If the United
States does not repeal Hemp Prohibition, a significant economic
and environmental opportunity will be lost--the benefits will be
reaped only by America's economic competitors.
MARIJUANA AS MEDICINE:
FACTS THE GOVERNMENT IGNORES
The DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration) classifies marijuana as
a dangerous drug with no medical value. That classification
contradicts mounds of evidence showing marijuana to be a very
safe and effective medicine. Marijuana is more effective, much
less expensive, and much safer than many drugs currently used in
its place. Marijuana can provide excellent relief for those who
suffer from cancer, AIDS, glaucoma, multiple sclerosis, chronic
pain, arthritis, rheumatism, asthma, insomnia, and depression. If
knowledge of marijuana's many medicinal uses, its remarkable
safety, and hemp's enormous potential as a natural resource
become widely known, the DEA fears that support for Marijuana
Prohibition will collapse, and thus threaten the DEA's budget. To
maintain the myth that marijuana/hemp is useless and dangerous,
the DEA prohibits medicinal use of marijuana, denies researchers
access to marijuana for use in clinical studies, and rejects all
applications to grow industrial hemp. In 1988--after reviewing
all evidence brought forth in a lawsuit against the government's
prohibition of medical marijuana--the DEA's own administrative
law judge (Judge Francis Young) wrote:
"The evidence in this record clearly shows that marijuana has
been accepted as capable of relieving the distress of great
numbers of very ill people, and doing so with safety under
medical supervision. It would be unreasonable, arbitrary and
capricious for the Drug Enforcement Administration to continue to
stand between those sufferers and the benefits of this substance
in light of the evidence." Judge Francis Young of the Drug
Enforcement Administration went on to say:
"Marijuana, in its natural form, is one of the safest
therapeutically active substances known. In strict medical terms,
marijuana is safer than many foods we commonly consume." Judge
Young recommended that the DEA allow marijuana to be prescribed
as medicine, but the DEA has refused.
Although the federal government claims marijuana has no
appropriate medicinal use, the federal government contradicts
itself by supplying government-grown, FDA-approved marijuana
cigarettes to 8 seriously ill Americans remaining from its
discontinued medical marijuana program. The federal government
closed its medical marijuana program in 1992 after the AIDS
epidemic created a flood of new applicants. In November 1996,
California voters approved an initiative (Proposition 215) that
re-legalizes the personal use and cultivation of marijuana for
medicinal purposes.
MARIJUANA/HEMP WAS LEGAL,
WHY WAS IT BANNED?
For the first 162 years of America's existence, marijuana was
totally legal and hemp was a common crop. But during the 1930s,
the U.S. government and the media began spreading outrageous lies
about marijuana, which led to its prohibition. Some headlines
made about marijuana in the 1930s were: "Marijuana: The assassin
of youth." "Marijuana: The devil's weed with roots in hell."
"Marijuana makes fiends of boys in 30 days." "If the hideous
monster Frankenstein came face to face with the monster
marijuana, he would drop dead of fright." In 1936, the liquor
industry funded the infamous movie titled Reefer Madness. This
movie depicts a man going insane from smoking marijuana, and then
killing his entire family with an ax. This campaign of lies, as
well as other evidence, have led many to believe there may have
been a hidden agenda behind Marijuana Prohibition.
Shortly before marijuana was banned by The Marijuana Tax Act of
1937, new technologies were developed that made hemp a potential
competitor with the newly-founded synthetic fiber and plastics
industries. Hemp's potential for producing paper also posed a
threat to the timber industry (see New Billion-Dollar Crop).
Evidence suggests that commercial interests having much to lose
from hemp competition helped propagate reefer madness hysteria,
and used their influence to lobby for Marijuana Prohibition. It
is not known for certain if special interests conspired to
destroy the hemp industry via Marijuana Prohibition, but enough
evidence exists to raise the possibility.
After Alcohol Prohibition ended in 1933, funding for the Federal
Bureau of Narcotics (now the Drug Enforcement Administration) was
reduced. The FBN's own director, Harry J. Anslinger, then became
a leading advocate of Marijuana Prohibition. In 1937 Anslinger
testified before Congress in favor of Marijuana Prohibition by
saying: "Marijuana is the most violence causing drug in the
history of mankind." "Most marijuana smokers are Negroes,
Hispanics, Filipinos and entertainers. Their Satanic music, jazz
and swing, result from marijuana usage. This marijuana causes
white women to seek sexual relations with Negroes." Marijuana
Prohibition is founded on lies and rooted in racism, prejudice,
and ignorance. Just as politicians believed Harry J. Anslinger to
be a marijuana expert in 1937, many people still believe law
enforcement officials are marijuana experts. In reality, law
enforcement officials have no expert knowledge of marijuana's
medical or health effects, but they do represent an industry that
receives billions of tax dollars to enforce Marijuana
Prohibition.
Before the government began promoting reefer madness hysteria
during the 1930s, the word marijuana was a Mexican word that was
totally absent from the American vocabulary. In the 1930s,
Americans knew that hemp was a common, useful, and harmless crop.
It is extremely unlikely anyone would have believed hemp was
dangerous, or would have believed stories of hemp madness. Thus,
the words marijuana and reefer were substituted for the word hemp
in order to frighten the public into supporting Hemp Prohibition.
Very few people realized that marijuana and hemp came from the
same plant species; thus, virtually nobody knew that Marijuana
Prohibition would destroy the hemp industry.
Bolstering the theory that marijuana was banned to destroy the
hemp industry, two articles were written on the eve of Marijuana
Prohibition that claim hemp was on the verge of becoming a super
crop. These articles appeared in two well-respected magazines
that are still published today. The articles are:
Flax and Hemp (Mechanical Engineering, Feb. 1937)
New Billion-Dollar Crop (Popular Mechanics, Feb. 1938)
This was the first time that billion dollar was used to describe
the value of a crop. These articles praise the usefulness and
potential of hemp by stating "hemp can be used to produce more
than 25,000 products" and "hemp will prove, for both farmer and
public, the most profitable and desirable crop that can be
grown." Marijuana Prohibition took effect within one year after
both these articles were written.
MARIJUANA MYTHS
Myth: Today's marijuana is more potent and more harmful than it was
many years ago.
Fact: There is no medical evidence that shows high-potency marijuana is
more harmful than low-potency marijuana. Marijuana is literally one of
the least toxic substances known. High-potency marijuana is actually
preferable because less is of it consumed to obtain the desired effect;
thereby reducing the amount of smoke that enters the lungs and lowering
the risk of any respiratory health hazards. Claiming that high-potency
marijuana is more harmful than low-potency marijuana is like claiming
wine is more harmful than beer.
Myth: Smoking marijuana can cause cancer and serious lung damage.
Fact: There chance of contracting cancer from smoking marijuana is
minuscule. Tobacco smokers typically smoke 20+ cigarettes every day for
decades, but virtually nobody smokes marijuana in the quantity and
frequency required to cause cancer. A 1997 UCLA study (see page 9)
concluded that even prolonged and heavy marijuana smoking causes no
serious lung damage. Cancer risks from common foods (meat, salt, dairy
products) far exceed any cancer risk posed by smoking marijuana.
Respiratory health hazards and cancer risks can be totally eliminated
by ingesting marijuana in baked foods.
Myth: Marijuana contains over 400 chemicals, thus proving that
marijuana is dangerous.
Fact: Coffee contains 1,500 chemicals. Rat poison contains only 30
chemicals. Many vegetables contain cancer-causing chemicals. There is
no correlation between the number of chemicals a substance contains and
its toxicity. Prohibitionists often cite this misleading statistic to
make marijuana appear dangerous.
Myth: Marijuana is a gateway drug--it leads to harder drugs.
Fact: The U.S. government's own statistics show that over 75 percent of
all Americans who use marijuana never use harder drugs. The gateway-drug
theory is derived by using blatantly-flawed logic. Using such blatantly-
flawed logic, alcohol should be considered the gateway drug because most
cocaine and heroin addicts began their drug use with beer or wine--not
marijuana.
Myth: Marijuana is addicting.
Fact: Marijuana is not physically addicting. Medical studies rank
marijuana as less habit forming than caffeine. The legal drugs of
tobacco (nicotine) and alcohol can be as addicting as heroin or cocaine,
but marijuana is one of the least habit forming substances known.
Myth: Marijuana use impairs learning ability.
Fact: A 1996 U.S. government study claims that heavy marijuana use may
impair learning ability. The key words are heavy use and may. This
claim is based on studying people who use marijuana daily--a sample that
represents less than 1 percent of all marijuana users. This study
concluded: 1) Learning impairments cited were subtle, minimal, and may
be temporary. In other words, there is little evidence that such
learning impairments even exist. 2) Long-term memory was not affected by
heavy marijuana use. 3) Casual marijuana users showed no signs of
impaired learning. 4) Heavy alcohol use was cited as being more
detrimental to the thought and learning process than heavy marijuana
use.
Myth: Marijuana is a significant cause of emergency room admissions.
Fact: The U.S. government reports that marijuana-related emergency room
episodes are increasing. The government counts an emergency room
admission as a marijuana-related episode if the word marijuana appears
anywhere in the medical record. If a patient tests positive for
marijuana because he/she used marijuana several days before the incident
occurred, if a drunk driver admits he/she also smoked some marijuana,
or if anyone involved in the incident merely possessed marijuana, the
government counts the emergency room admission as a "marijuana-related
episode." Less than 0.2% of all emergency room admissions are
"marijuana related." This so-called marijuana-causes-emergencies
statistic was carefully crafted by the government to make marijuana
appear dangerous.
1997: CANADA REPEALS
HEMP PROHIBITION
After a successful two-year trial period of permitting
experimental hemp cultivation, Canada repealed Hemp Prohibition
in 1997. Canada's hemp industry is now poised for rapid
expansion. The United States of America remains one of the last
industrialized nations on Earth where growing industrial hemp can
result in a prison sentence.
The below photos show an August 1997 hemp harvest in Ontario,
Canada. Detailed information about Canada's brand-new hemp
industry can be found at: http://www.kenex.org
DOES PROHIBITION CAUSE MORE
HARM THAN MARIJUANA?
Recently, narcotics officers raided the house of a suspected
marijuana dealer in Wisconsin. The unarmed suspect, who offered
no resistance, was shot to death in front of his 7-year-old son.
His crime? Possession of 1 ounce of marijuana. In Oklahoma, a
wheelchair-bound paraplegic who used medicinal marijuana to
control muscle spasms caused by his broken back was sentenced to
10 years in prison. His crime? Possession of 2 ounces of
marijuana. Another Oklahoma man is serving 75 years in prison for
growing only 5 marijuana plants. (These are not misprints.)
Prohibition is the number one cause of America's exploding prison
population. Many non-violent drug offenders are now serving
longer prison sentences than murderers, rapists, and other
violent criminals. It costs taxpayers $30,000 per year to
imprison just one non-violent drug offender. Politicians are
spending billions of tax dollars to build new prisons and jails
so more and more non-violent drug offenders can be warehoused.
Meanwhile, funding for education and other services are being
strained.
Reducing drug abuse is a desirable goal, but law enforcement
methods used to obtain that goal are counterproductive.
Prohibition costs billions to enforce, creates a black market
that generates violence and corruption, and makes criminals out
of millions of productive and harmless adults. Adult use of
alcohol and tobacco is accepted, but adult use of marijuana is
considered criminal behavior. Why?
The main rationalization for Prohibition is to keep marijuana
away from children. That rationalization does not reflect
reality. Several surveys reveal that teenagers can obtain
marijuana easier than they can obtain the legal drugs of beer or
wine. In Holland, where sale of marijuana to adults is openly
accepted, the percentage of teenagers using marijuana is less
than half that of American teenagers. Because America's marijuana
trade is totally unregulated, marijuana dealers are on the
streets selling to anybody--especially teenagers. Regulating
marijuana like wine would put street dealers out of business,
would make marijuana dealers pay taxes, and would restrict sales
to adults only. Prohibition does not make it difficult for
teenagers to obtain marijuana. Tougher marijuana laws have not
reduced marijuana use. Marijuana use has increasedevery single
year since 1991.
In 1937 (the last year that marijuana was legal) only 100,000
Americans used marijuana. Now that marijuana is illegal, 30
million Americans use marijuana, and marijuana is easily
available to anybody who wants it--including children and prison
inmates. 600,000 Americans are arrested for marijuana violations
every year and thousands of them are sent to jail or prison,
where many of them can still obtain drugs. The government can't
even keep drugs out of its own prisons, yet the politicians keep
telling us they can rid the entire nation of marijuana by
spending more tax dollars. The government now spends $15 billion
every year (a 1,500% increase since 1980) waging a war on
marijuana smokers--a war that has lasted 60 years and is
impossible to win. Another $5 billion per year is lost in tax
revenue that could be generated if marijuana was regulated and
taxed like wine.
For all practical purposes, Marijuana Prohibition is a
$15-billion-per-year government subsidy for drug traffickers,
organized crime, and street dealers. Because the government
prohibits well-regulated liquor stores from selling marijuana,
the government ensures that organized crime and street dealers
will flourish. Prohibition escalates violence and corruption as
mobsters, street gangs, and thugs fight for control of the
marijuana trade. Just as Alcohol Prohibition escalated violence
and corruption during the 1920s, Marijuana Prohibition does the
same today.
Once all the facts are known, it becomes clear that America's
marijuana laws need reform. This issue must be openly debated
using only the facts. Groundless claims, meaningless statistics,
and exaggerated scare stories that have been peddled by
politicians and prohibitionists for the last 60 years must be
rejected.
HOW HARMFUL IS MARIJUANA?
ANNUAL AMERICAN DEATHS CAUSED BY DRUGS
TOBACCO ........................ 400,000
ALCOHOL ........................ 100,000
ALL LEGAL DRUGS ................20,000
ALL ILLEGAL DRUGS ..............15,000
CAFFEINE .......................2,000
ASPIRIN ........................500
MARIJUANA ...................... 0
----------------------------------------
Source: United States government...
National Institute on Drug Abuse,
Bureau of Mortality Statistics
Like any substance, marijuana can be abused. The most common
problem attributed to marijuana is frequent overuse, which can
induce lethargic behavior, but does not cause serious health
problems. Marijuana can cause short-term memory loss, but only
while under the influence. Marijuana does not impair long-term
memory. Marijuana does not lead to harder drugs. Marijuana does
not cause brain damage, genetic damage, or damage the immune
system. Unlike alcohol, marijuana does not kill brain cells or
induce violent behavior. Continuous long-term smoking of
marijuana can cause bronchitis, but the chance of contracting
bronchitis from casual marijuana smoking is minuscule.
Respiratory health hazards can be totally eliminated by consuming
marijuana via non-smoking methods, i.e., ingesting marijuana via
baked foods, tincture, or vaporizer.
A 1997 UCLA School of Medicine study (Volume 155 of the American
Journal of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine) conducted on 243
marijuana smokers over an 8-year period reported the following:
"Findings from the long-term study of heavy, habitual marijuana
smokers argue against the concept that continuing heavy use of
marijuana is a significant risk factor for the development of
chronic lung disease." "Neither the continuing nor the
intermittent marijuana smokers exhibited any significantly
different rates of decline in lung function as compared with
those individuals who never smoked marijuana." The study
concluded: "No differences were noted between even quite heavy
marijuana smoking and nonsmoking of marijuana."
Marijuana does not cause serious health problems like those
caused by tobacco or alcohol (e.g., strong addiction, cancer,
heart problems, birth defects, emphysema, liver damage, etc.).
Death from a marijuana overdose is impossible. In all of world
history, there has never been a single human death attributed to
a health problem caused by marijuana.
THE HEMP DIRECTORY
INTERNET LINKS
For detailed information on the health effects of marijuana,
medical marijuana, industrial hemp, activist organizations,
businesses that sell hemp products, the history of marijuana and
hemp, and the government's War on Marijuana Smokers, visit the
following Web sites.
Marijuana Links (http://www.calyx.net/marijuana.htm)
CANNABIS.COM (http://www.cannabis.com)
Drug Policy Foundation (http://www.dpf.org)
Drug Library (http://www.druglibrary.org)
Ecolution (http://www.ecolution.com)
Hemp BC (http://www.hempbc.com)
Hempen Ale--America's 1st Hemp Beer http://www.hempenale.com)
Hempstead Company (http://www.hempstead.com) Hempy's
(http://www.hempys.com)
North American Industrial Hemp Council (http://www.naihc.org)
-----------------------------------------------------------------
BOOKS AND VIDEOS
The Hemp Revolution - An excellent videotape documenting the
entire history of marijuana and hemp ($20.00). Call:
1-800-649-4421
Hemp For Victory - The U.S. governmentâs 1942 pro-hemp film on
videotape ($9.95). Call: 1-800-851-7039
Marijuana Myths, Marijuana Facts - Authors: Dr. John P. Morgan,
Lynn Zimmer (ISBN: 0964156849)
Hemp, Lifeline to the Future - Author: Chris Conrad (ISBN:
0963975412)
The Great Book of Hemp - Author: Rowan Robinson (ISBN:
0892815418)
-----------------------------------------------------------------
ACTIVIST ORGANIZATIONS
Marijuana Policy Project
P.O. Box 77492
Washington, DC 20013
Phone: (202) 462-5747
Internet: http://www.mpp.org
NORML
1001 Connecticut Ave., Suite 1010
Washington, DC 20036
Phone: (202) 483-5500
Internet: http://www.norml.org
Cannabis Action Network
2560 Bancroft Way
Berkeley, CA 94704
Phone: (510) 486-8083
-----------------------------------------------------------------
PUBLICATIONS
Cannabis Canada Magazine
#504-21 Water St.
Vancouver, BC, Canada V6B-1A1
Phone: (604) 669-9069
Internet: http://www.hempbc.com
HempWorld Magazine
P.O. Box 550
Forestville, CA 95436
Phone: (707) 887-7508
Internet: http://www.hempworld.com
-----------------------------------------------------------------
HEMP PRODUCTS
Ecolution
P.O. Box 2279
Merrifield, VA 22116-2279
Phone: (703) 207-9001
Internet: http://www.ecolution.com
Products: 100% hemp clothing (jeans, jackets, shirts, shoes,
hats, shorts) and more.
Hempy's
617 West Grape St
San Diego, CA 92101
Phone: (619) 233-HEMP
Internet: http://www.hempys.com
Products: 100% hemp backbacks, travel bags, clothing, etc.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Proposition 215 was approved by California voters on November 5,
1996 and went into effect on November 6, 1996. Detailed
county-by-county election results of Prop. 215 appear below.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Text of California's Proposition 215
SECTION 1.
Section 11362.5 is added to the Health and Safety Code, to read:
11362.5.
(a) This section shall be known and may be cited as the
Compassionate Use Act of 1996.
(b) (l) The people of the State of California hereby find and
declare that the purposes of the Compassionate Use Act
of 1996 are as follows:
(A) To ensure that seriously ill Californians have the right
to obtain and use marijuana for medical purposes where that
medical use is deemed appropriate and has been recommended
by a physician who has determined that the person's health
would benefit from the use of marijuana in the treatment of
cancer, anorexia, AIDS, chronic pain, spasticity, glaucoma,
arthritis, migraine, or any other illness for which
marijuana provides relief.
(B) To ensure that patients and their primary caregivers who
obtain and use marijuana for medical purposes upon the
recommendation of a physician are not subject to criminal
prosecution or sanction.
(C) To encourage the federal and state governments to implement
a plan to provide for the safe and affordable distribution
of marijuana to all patients in medical need of marijuana.
(2) Nothing in this act shall be construed to supersede
legislation prohibiting persons from engaging in conduct that
endangers others, nor to condone the diversion of marijuana
for nonmedical purposes.
(c) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no physician in
this state shall be punished, or denied any right or privilege,
for having recommended marijuana to a patient for medical
purposes.
(d) Section 11357, relating to the possession of marijuana, and
Section 11358, relating to the cultivation of marijuana, shall
not apply to a patient, or to a patient's primary caregiver,
who possesses or cultivates marijuana for the personal medical
purposes of the patient upon the written or oral recommendation
or approval of a physician.
(e) For the purposes of this section, "primary caregiver" means the
individual designated by the person exempted under this act who
has consistently assumed responsibility for the housing, health,
or safety of that person.
SECTION 2.
If any provision of this measure or the application thereof to any
person or circumstance is held invalid, that invalidity shall not
affect other provisions or applications of the measure which can be
given effect without the invalid provision or application, and to
this end the provisions of this measure are severable.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
The following article appeared in the February 1937 issue of
Mechanical Engineering Magazine. The author predicted that hemp
would become "the most profitable and desireable crop that can be
grown." Within less than one year after this article was written,
The Marihunana Tax Act of 1937 took effect, which eventually
killed the American hemp industry. Due to the dry and technical
nature of this article, you may want to read only the highlights,
which are provided in bold type for your convinience.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
FLAX AND HEMP: FROM THE SEED TO THE LOOM
From: Mechanical Engineering Magazine, February 1937
This country imports almost all of its fibers except cotton. The
Whitney gin, combined with improved spinning methods, enabled
this country to produce cotton goods so far below the cost of
linen that manufacture practically ceased in the United States.
We cannot produce our fibers at less cost than can other farmers
of the world. Aside from higher cost of labor, we do not get as
large a production. For instance, Yugoslavia, which has the
greates fiber production per acre in Europe, recently had a yield
of 883 lbs. Comparable figures for other countries are Argentina,
749 lbs.; Egypt, 616 lbs.; and India, 393 lbs.; while the average
yield in this country is 383 lbs.
To meet world competition profitably, we must improve our methods
all the way from the field to the loom.
Flax is still pulled up by the roots, retted in a pond, dried in
the sun, broken until the fibers separate from the wood, then
spun, and finally bleached with lye from wood ashes, potash from
burned seaweed, or lime. Improvements in tilling, planting, and
harvesting mechanisms have materially helped the large farmers
and, to a certain degree, the smaller ones, but the process from
the crop to the yarn are crude, wasteful, and injurious. Hemp,
the strongest of the vegetable fibers, gives the greatest
production per acre and requires the least attention. It not only
requires no weeding, but also kills off all the weeds and leaves
the soil in splendid condition. This, irrespective of its own
monetary value, makes it a desireable crop to grow.
In climate and cultivation, its requisites are similar to flax,
like flax, should be harvested before it is too ripe. The best
time is when the lower leaves on the stalk wither and the flowers
shed their pollen.
Like flax, the fibers run out where the leaf stems are on the
stalks and are made up of laminated fibers that are held together
by pectose gums. When chemically treated like flax, hemp yields a
beautiful fiber so closely resemblimg flax that a high-power
microscope is needed to tell the difference--and only then
because in hemp, some of the ends are split. Wetting a few
strands of fiber and holding them suspended will definitely
identify the two because upon drying, flax will be found to turn
to the right or clockwise, and hemp to the left or
counterclockwise.
Before [World War I], Russia produced 400,000 tons of hemp, all
of which is still hand-broken and hand-scutched. They now produce
half that quantity and use most of of it themselves, as also does
Italy from whom we had large importations.
In this country, hemp, when planted one bu. per acre, yields
about three tons of dry straw per acre. From 15 to 20 percent of
this is fiber, and 80 to 85 percent is woody material. The
rapidly growing market for cellulose and wood flour for plastics
gives good reason to believe that this hitherto wasted material
may prove sufficiently profitable to pay for the crop, leaving
the cost of the fiber sufficiently low to compete with 500,000
tons of hard fiber now imported annually.
Hemp being two to three times as strong as any of the hard
fibers, much less weight is required to give the same yardage.
For instance, sisal binder twine of 40-lb. tensile strength runs
450 ft. to the lb. A better twine madeof hemp would run 1280 ft.
to the lb. Hemp is not subject to as many kinds of deterioration
as are the tropical fibers, and none of them lasts as long in
either fresh or salt water.
While the theory in the past has been that straw should be cut
when the pollen starts to fly, some of the best fiber handled by
Minnesota hemp people was heavy with seed. This point should be
proved as soon as possible by planting a few acres and then
harvesting the first quarter when the pollen is flying, the
second and third a week or ten days apart, and the last when the
seed is fully matured. These four lots should be kept separate
and scutched and processed separately to detect any difference in
the quality and quantity of the fiber and seed.
Several types of machines are available in this country for
harvesting hemp. One of these was brought out several years ago
by the International Harvester Company. Recently, growers of hemp
in the Middle West have rebuilt regular grain binders for this
work. The rebuilding is not particularly expensive and the
machines are reported to give satisfactory service.
Degumming of hemp is analogous to the treatment given flax. The
shards probably offer slightly more resistance to digestion. On
the other hand, they break down readily upon completion of the
digestion process. And excellent fiber can, therefore, be
obtained from hemp also. Hemp, when treated by aknown chemical
process, can be spun on cotton, wool, and worsted machinery, and
has as much absorbance and wearing quality as linen.
Several types of machines for scutching the hemp stalks are also
on the market. Scutch mills formerly operating in Illinois and
Wisconsin used the system that consisted of a set of eight pairs
of fluted rollers, through which the dried straw was passed to
break up the woody portion. From there, the fiber with adhering
shards--or hurds, as they are called--was transfered by an
operator to an endless-chain conveyor. This carries the fiber
past two revolving single drums in tandem, all having beating
blades on their periphery, which beat off most of the hurds as
well as the fibers that do not run the full length of the stalks.
The portion of line fiber to tow is 50 percent each. Tow or short
tangled fiber then goes to a vibrating cleaner that shakes out
some of the hurds. In Minnesotsa and Illinois, another type has
been tried out. This machine consists of a feeding table which
the stalks are placed horizontally. Conveyor chains carry the
stalks along until they are grasped by a clamping chain that
grips them and carries them through half of the machine.
A pair of intermeshing lawnmower-type beaters are placed at a
45-degree angle to the feeding chain and break the hemp stalks
over the sharp edge of a steel plate, the object being to break
the woody portion of the straw and whip the hurds from the fiber.
On the other side and slightly beyond the first set of lawnmower
beaters is another set, which is placed 90-degrees from the first
pair and whips out the hurds.
The first clamping chain transfers the stalks to another to
scutch the fiber that was under the clamp at the beginning.
Unfortunately, this type of scutcher makes even more tow than the
so-called Wisconsin type. This tow is difficult to reclean
because the hurds are broken into long slivers that tenaciously
adhere to the fiber.
Another type passes the stalks though a series of graduated
fluted rollers. This breaks up the woody portion into hurds about
3/4 inch long, and the fiber then passes on though a series of
reciprocating slotted plates working between stationary slotted
plates.
Adhering hurds are removed from the fiber which continues on a
conveyor to the bailing process. Because no beating of the fiber
against the grain occurs, this type of scutcher makes only line
fiber. This is then processed by the same method as those for
flax.
Paint and lacquer manufacturers are interested in hempseed oil
which is a good drying agent. When markets have been developed
for the products now being wasted, seed and hurds, hemp will
prove, both for farmer and the public, the most profitable and
desireable crop that can be grown, and one that will make
American mills independent of importations.
Recent floods and dust storms have given warnings against the
destruction of timber. Possibly, the hitherto waste products of
flax and hemp may yet meet a good part of that need, especially
in the plastic field which is growing by leaps and bounds.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
New Billion-Dollar Crop appeared in the February 1938 issue of Popular
Mechanics Magazine. Just as this article went to press The Marijuana
Tax Act of 1937 took effect, which effectively killed the hemp industry.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
New Billion-Dollar Crop
American farmers are promised a new cash crop with an annual value of
several hundred million dollars, all because a machine has been invented
that solves a problem more than 6,000 years old.
It is hemp, a crop that will not compete with other American products.
Instead, it will displace imports of raw material and manufactured
products produced by underpaid coolie and peasant labor and it will
provide thousands of jobs for American workers throughout the land.
The machine that makes this possible is designed for removing the
fiber-bearing cortex from the rest of the stalk, making hemp fiber
available for use without prohibitive amounts of human labor.
Hemp is the standard fiber of the world. It has great tensile strength
and durability. It is used to produce more than 5,000 textile products,
ranging from rope to fine laces, and the woody "hurds" remaining after
the fiber has been removed contain more than 77 percent cellulose,
which can be used to produce more than 25,000 products, ranging from
dynamite to Cellophane.
Machines now in service in Texas, Illinois, Minnesota, and other states
are producing fiber at a manufacturing cost of half a cent per pound,
and are finding a profitable market for the rest of the stalk. Machine
operators are making a good profit in competition with coolie-produced
foreign fiber, while paying farmers $15 a ton for hemp as it comes from
the field.
>From the farmer's point of view, hemp is an easy crop to grow and will
yield from three to six tons per acre on any land that will grow corn,
wheat, or oats. It can be grown in any state of the Union. It has a
short growing season, so that it can be planted after other crops are
in. The long roots penetrate and break the soil to leave it in perfect
condition for next year's crop. The dense shock of leaves, eight to
twelve feet above the ground, chokes out weeds. Two successive crops are
enough to reclaim land that has been abandoned because of Canadian
thistles or quack grass.
Under old methods, hemp was cut and allowed to lie in the fields for
weeks until it "retted" enough so that the fibers could be pulled off
by hand. Retting is simply rotting as a result of dew, rain, and
bacterial action. Machines were developed to separate the fibers
mechanically after retting was complete, but the cost was high, the loss
of fiber great, and the quality of fiber comparatively low.
With the new machine--known as a decorticator--hemp is cut with a
slightly modified grain binder. It is delivered to the machine where an
automatic chain conveyor feeds it to the breaking arms at a rate of two
or three tons per hour. The hurds are broken into fine pieces that drop
into the hopper, from where they are delivered by blower to a baler, or
to a truck or freight car for loose shipment. The fiber comes from the
other end of the machine, ready for baling.
>From this point on, almost anything can happen. The raw fiber can be
used to produce strong twine or rope, woven into burlap, used for carpet
warp or linoleum backing, or it may be bleached and refined, with
resinous by-products of high commercial value. It can, in fact, be used
to replace foreign fibers which now flood our markets.
Thousands of tons of hemp hurds are used every year by one large powder
company for the manufacture of dynamite and TNT. A large paper company,
which has been paying more than a million dollars a year in duties on
foreign-made cigarette papers, now is manufacturing these papers from
American hemp grown in Minnesota. A new factory in Illinois is
producing bond paper from hemp. The natural materials in hemp make it
an economical source of pulp for any grade of paper manufactured, and
the high percentage of alpha cellulose promises an unlimited supply of
raw material for the thousands of cellulose products our chemists have
developed.
It is generally believed that all linen is produced from flax.
Actually, the majority comes from hemp--authorities estimate that more
than half of our imported linen fabrics are manufactured from hemp
fiber. Another misconception is that burlap is made from hemp. Actually,
its source is usually jute, and practically all of the burlap we use is
woven from laborers in India who receive only four cents a day. Binder
twine is usually made from sisal, which comes from the Yucatan and East
Africa.
All of these products, now imported, can be produced from home-grown
hemp. Fish nets, bow strings, canvas, strong rope, overalls, damask
tablecloths, fine linen garments, towels, bed linen, and thousands of
other everyday items can be grown on American farms. Our imports of
foriegn fabrics and fibers average about $200 million per year; in raw
fibers alone we imported over $50 million in the first six months of
1937. All of this income can be made available for Americans.
The paper industry offers even greater possibilities. As an industry it
amounts to over $1 billion a year, and of that, 80 percent is imported.
But hemp will produce every grade of paper and government figures
estimate that 10,000 acres devoted to hemp will produce as much paper as
40,000 acres of average pulp land.
One obstacle in the onward march of hemp is the reluctance of
farmers to try new crops. The problem is complicated by the need
for proper equipment a reasonable distance from the farm. The
machine cannot be operated profitably unless there is enough
acreage within driving range and farmers cannot find a profitable
market unless there is machinery to handle the crop.
Another obstacle is that the blossom of the female hemp plant
contains marijuana, a narcotic, and it is impossible to grow hemp
without producing the blossom. Federal regulations now being drawn
up require registration of hemp growers, and tentative proposals
for preventing narcotic production are rather stringent.
However, the connection of hemp as a crop and marijuana seems to
be exaggerated. The drug is usually produced from wild hemp or
locoweed, which can be found on vacant lots and along railroad
tracks in every state. If federal regulations can be drawn to
protect the public without preventing the legitimate culture of
hemp, this vast new crop can add immeasurably to American
agriculture and industry.
************************************************************************
CONTRIBUTORS TO THIS ISSUE
************************************************************************
Thomas J. Bouril is a marijuana and hemp activist. He supports
various groups including Human Rights 95. His piece Marijuana and
Hemp - The Untold Story was obtained through Cannabis.Com, "the
home of cannabis on the net". Wose "primary mission is to provide
accurate and unbiased information about cannabis, marijuana, and
hemp to the public."
Ben Ohmart Ben Ohmart has had 100s of stories and poems in zines
and journals, and had 4 plays produced last year. His lyrics will
be on 2 CDs this year, 1 a gothic album, the other a rock album.
He's currently writing films, with hopes of having one done in
Malaysia soon, and is also trying to break into the prison of
television. He's white, 26, single and loves British comedy. He
lives in Boalsburg, PA, right next to PSU, and enjoys watching
rabbits eat his garbage.
On January 1st, 1997, R. William Davis first posted his research
paper, "Shadow of the Swastika," on his website. It documented
the historical evidence of a secret alliance between various
elements of the US "Establishment" (as we called it in the '60s)
and the Nazis. Since the publishing of that document many
countries behind the old Iron Curtain have opened up formerly
classified archives, exposing some of the secrets of these Cold
War years. And recently, there was a bill in Congress which would
open up the classified files in Washington related to this US /
Nazi alliance.
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The Annihilation Fountain & TAF Copyright c 1997-99 Neil MacKay
http://www.capnasty.org/taf/
the_annihilation_fountain@iname.com
